Table 1.

Overview of cardiovascular structures being affected after RT

Tissue Involved	Diagnostic Consideration	Time of Presentation After RT	Cardiac Evaluation
Pericardium	Acute pericarditis	Days to weeks	TTE
	Chronic effusion	Weeks to months	TTE
	Constrictive pericarditis	Years	TTE, MRI, right‐sided catheterization
Vascular tree	Premature CAD	Years	CT, SPECT, catheterization, TTE (stress), risk factors
	MI	Months to years	Catheterization
	Asymptomatic CAD	Years	CT, SPECT, catheterization, TTE (stress), risk factors
	Aortic arch calcification	Years	CT, MRI
	Carotid stenosis	Years	Perfusion imaging, MRI, risk factors
	TIA/stroke	Months to years	Perfusion imaging, MRI, risk factors
	PVD	Months to years	Perfusion imaging, CT‐flow
Endocardium	Valvular disease	Years	Echo (stress), TEE
Myocardium	Myocarditis	Weeks to months	Echo, MRI, biomarkers
	Cardiomyopathy	Months to years	TTE
	Chronic HF	Years	TTE
	Diastolic dysfunction	Years	TTE
Conduction system	Heart block	Months to years	ECG, Holter

Abbreviations: CAD, coronary artery disease; CT, computed tomography; ECG, electrocardiogram; Echo, echocardiography; HF, heart failure; MI, myocardial infarction; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; RT, radiotherapy; SPECT, single‐photon emission computed tomography; TEE, transesophageal echocardiography; TIA, transient ischemic attack; TTE, transthoracic echocardiography.