Figure 3.

Effects of different types of VEGF on LEC migration: inhibition by antibodies against VEGF-R and by podoplanin crosslinking. A,B) Antibodies against VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, or both were added to LEC settled onto a Transwell filter, with or without treatment with (A) VEGF-A (30 ng/ml) or (B) VEGF-C (300 ng/ml). The percentage of the LEC which had transmigrated after 24h was analyzed. Data are mean ± SEM from four experiments. ANOVA showed significant effects of VEGF and of antibody treatment (p < 0.01 in each case). *=p < 0.05, **=p < 0.01 compared to no antibodies by Dunnett’s test, for VEGF-treated LEC. C) LEC settled onto a Transwell filter were treated with VEGF-A or VEGF-C, with or without antibodies to induce crosslinking of podoplanin. The percentage of the LEC which had transmigrated after 24 h was analyzed. Data are mean ± SEM from six experiments. ANOVA showed significant effects of VEGF and of crosslinking (p < 0.01 in each case).). *=p < 0.05, **=p < 0.01 compared to no crosslinking by Bonferroni test, for VEGF-treated LEC.