TABLE 1.
Characteristics of included ExPEC studies
| Study characteristic | No. of studies (%) |
|---|---|
| Total studies | 169 (100) |
| Study ExPEC selected based on resistancea | 112 (66) |
| Extended spectrum β-lactamase | 72 (64) |
| Fluoroquinolone/quinolone | 10 (9) |
| Multidrug resistance | 9 (8) |
| Beta-lactamase | 8 (7) |
| Carbapenem | 7 (6) |
| Fosfomycin | 2 (2) |
| Nitrofurantoin | 2 (2) |
| Colistin | 1 (1) |
| Fully susceptible | 1 (1) |
| ExPEC sourcea | |
| Any infection | 72 (43) |
| Urinary tract infections | 49 (29) |
| Bloodstream infection | 26 (15) |
| Colonization | 17 (10) |
| Orthopedic infection | 2 (1) |
| Cystic fibrosis | 1 (0.6) |
| Irritable bowel disease | 1 (0.6) |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis | 1 (0.6) |
| Patient population | |
| Any inpatients | 110 (65) |
| Any outpatients | 103 (61) |
| Both in- and outpatients | 73 (43) |
| Not reported | 28 (17) |
| Geography | |
| Europe | 82 (49) |
| Asia | 41 (24) |
| North America | 18 (11) |
| Africa | 12 (7) |
| Middle East | 5 (3) |
| South America | 3 (2) |
| Central America | 2 (1) |
| Oceania | 2 (1) |
| Global | 3 (2) |
| Not reported | 1 (0.6) |
a
Some studies selected for more than one type of resistance phenotype or included a combination of infections or sources.