Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| All patients with 6 years FU | All patients with 12 years FU | |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical data | ||
| No. of patients | 115 | 79 |
| Disease type BL | ||
| CIS | 36/115 (31.3%) | 27/79 (34.2%) |
| RRMS | 68/115 (59.1%) | 50/79 (63.3%) |
| PPMS | 11/115 (9.6%) | 2/79 (2.5%) |
| Sex (female) | 76/115 (66.1%) | 54/79 (68.4%) |
| Age at BL (years) | 35.3 (±9.1) | 34.9 (±8.9) |
| Disease duration BL (years) | 0.92 (0.61–1.62) | 0.84 (0.61–1.60) |
| Level of education (range 1–7) | 5 (4–6) | 5 (4–6) |
| FU length (years) | 5.9 (5.3–6.5) | 11.8 (10.7–12.8) |
| Patients on DMT during FU | 64/115 (55.7%) | 50/79 (63.3%) |
| Disability | ||
| EDSS score BL | 2.0 (1.5–3.0) | 2.0 (1.5–3.0) |
| EDSS score at year 6 | 2.5 (2.0–3.5) | 2.0 (1.5–3.0) |
| EDSS score at year 12 | – | 3.0 (2.0–4.0) |
| EDSS score difference 0–2 years | 0.0 (−0.5 to 0.5) | 0.0 (−0.5 to 1.0) |
| EDSS score progression at year 6 | 40/115 (34.8%) | 24/79 (30.4%) |
| EDSS‐plus score progression at year 6 | 54/112 (48.2%) | 33/70 (42.3%) |
| EDSS score progression at year 12 | – | 40/79 (50.6%) |
| EDSS‐plus score progression at year 12 | – | 46/70 (65.7%) |
| Cognition | ||
| SDMT at year 6 | 54 (49–62) | 55 (49–62) |
| SDMT at year 12 | – | 53 (45–62) |
| Average cognition at year 6 (Z‐score) | −0.76 (±0.94) | −0.66 (±0.73) |
| Average cognition at year 12 (Z‐score) | – | −0.84 (±0.77) |
| MCI at year 6 | 21/115 (18.3%) | 11/79 (13.9%) |
| CI at year 6 | 28/115 (24.3%) | 18/79 (22.8%) |
| MCI at year 12 | – | 14/79 (17.7%) |
| CI at year 12 | – | 23/79 (29.1%) |
| MRI measures | ||
| PBVC (%/year) | −0.54 (±0.55) | −0.53 (±0.57) |
| PVVC (%/year) | 2.58 (±3.86) | 2.72 (±4.31) |
| T1‐hypointense lesion volume BL (mL) | 0.21 (±0.32) | 0.22 (±0.34) |
| T1‐Gd+ lesion volumes BL (mL) | 0.13 (± 0.51) | 0.13 (±0.23) |
| T2‐hyperintense lesion volume BL (mL) | 2.51 (±2.74) | 2.61 (±3.06) |
| T1‐hypointense lesion volume change 0–2 years (mL) | 0.04 (±0.22) | 0.03 (±0.22) |
| T1‐Gd+ lesion volumes at year 2 (mL) | 0.02 (±0.05) | 0.07 (±0.15) |
| T2‐hyperintense lesion volume change 0–2 years (mL) | 0.18 (±0.97) | 0.19 (±1.08) |
Patient characteristics of the 115 patients followed until 6 years after baseline and the 79 patients who were also seen 12 years after BL are given. Demographic, clinical and imaging information of both BL and FU are included. Data are given as mean ± SD, median (IQR) and n (%). BL, baseline; CI, cognitively impaired; CIS, clinically isolated syndrome; DMT, disease‐modifying treatment; EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; FU, follow‐up; Gd+, gadolinium enhancing; IQR, interquartile range; MCI, mildly cognitively impaired; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PBVC, percentage brain volume change; PPMS, primary progressive multiple sclerosis; PVVC, percentage ventricular volume change; RRMS, relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis; SDMT, symbol digit modalities test.