Figure 3.

Gal‐3 promotes ox‐LDL‐induced inflammatory responses via NF‐κB activation and enhances the expression of related inflammatory factors, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. After exposure to Gal‐3, ox‐LDL or their combination, the total and phosphorylated expression of p65, IKKα, and IKKβ was examined by WB demonstrated by histogram (a and b); the levels of IL‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐1β and chemokines (CXCL‐1 and CCL‐2) were measured by ELISA. (c and d) The expression of VCAM‐1 and ICAM‐1 was detected by WB and the relative protein expression was given by histogram. (c) Each experiment was performed in triplicate. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ^## p < 0.01