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. 2019 Jan 2;63(6):1800868. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201800868

Table 3.

Baseline characteristics of all study participants and after nutritional standardization

Parameter Baseline Nutritional standardization
n 12
Sex (female/male) 7/5
Age (years) 26.3 ± 1.2
Weight (kg) 66.5 ± 3.3 66.5 ± 3.3
Waist circumference (cm) 71.2 ± 1.7 71.3 ± 1.7
BMI (kg m²) 22.0 ± 0.7 22.0 ± 0.7
Total caloric intake (kcal d–1) 2459 ± 162.1 2629 ± 134.3
Total fat intake (%E) 40.2 ± 2.1 30.4 ± 0.2*
SFA (g d–1) 49.3 ± 4.4 38.9 ± 2.8*
MUFA (g d–1) 37.9 ± 3.2 31.2 ± 1.4
PUFA (g d–1) 15.8 ± 2.6 12.6 ± 0.6
Total protein intake (%E) 15.1 ± 0.8 16.4 ± 0.4
Total CHO intake (%E) 44.0 ± 1.9 53.1 ± 0.4*
Fructose (%E)a) 8.0 ± 0.9 9.0 ± 0.3
Glucose (%E)b) 7.3 ± 0.9 8.5 ± 0.2
Sucrose (%E) 9.0 ± 1.1 10.1 ± 0.4
Starch (%E) 24.8 ± 2.3 31.3 ± 0.3*
Fiber intake (g d–1) 22.6 ± 2.9 36.3 ± 1.4*
ALT (U L–1) 29.8 ± 3.2 27.8 ± 3.1*
AST (U L–1) 24.3 ± 1.8 23.4 ± 1.4
NOx (µm) 51.0 ± 6.3 49.0 ± 8.9
ET‐1 (pg mL–1) 21.2 ± 1.8 21.0 ± 1.4
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 123.4 ± 1.8 119.9 ± 1.6
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) 71.6 ± 2.7 68.7 ± 2.9
TAG (mg dL–1) 82.1 ± 10.2 105.8 ± 14.3*
Fasting glucose (mg dL–1) 89.8 ± 2.1 90.1 ± 1.6
Insulin (µIU mL–1) 10.3 ± 1.3 12.0 ± 1.1*
Uric acid (mg dL–1) 5.2 ± 0.3 5.0 ± 0.3
Endotoxin (EU mL–1) 0.32 ± 0.02 0.26 ± 0.02*
LBP (µg mL–1) 22.6 ± 2.8 21.3 ± 2.2

a)Free fructose and fructose deriving from sucrose; b)Free glucose and glucose deriving from sucrose. Data are shown as absolute numbers and mean ± SEM, respectively. SFA, saturated fatty acids; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; CHO, carbohydrate; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; NOx, Total nitrate/nitrite; ET‐1, endothelin‐1; TAG, triglycerides; LBP, lipopolysaccharide binding protein. * p < 0.05 compared to baseline values.