Table 1.
Transcriptomic analysis of olfactory epithelium (OE) inflammation and cytoarchitecture
| Function | Gene | FC | Mus musculus gene name |
|---|---|---|---|
| General inflammation | TNF‐α | ×0.6 | Tumor necrosis factor |
| Th2 inflammation | Eotaxin 1 (CCL11) | ×10*** | Chemokine (c‐c motif) ligand 11 |
| IL‐13 | ×51*** | Interleukin 13 | |
| IL‐13Rα1 | ×1.3*** | Interleukin 13 receptor alpha 1 | |
| IL‐13Rα2 | ×6.8*** | Interleukin 13 receptor alpha 2 | |
| IL‐4 | ×1.8*** | Interleukin 4 | |
| IL‐5 | ×1.4 | Interleukin 5 | |
| Innate inflammation (alarmins from epithelial cells) | IL‐25 | ×1.4 | Interleukin 25 |
| IL‐33 | ×1 | Interleukin 33 | |
| IL‐1RL1 | ×7.1*** | Interleukin 1 receptor L1 (ST2 IL‐33 receptor) | |
| CCR4 | ×0.2*** | Chemokine (c‐c motif) receptor 4 | |
| TSLP | ×1.3 | Thymic stromal lymphopoietin | |
| T2R 38 | ×1.4 | Putative taste receptor | |
| Th1 inflammation | IFN‐γ | ×1 | Interferon γ |
| Tolerance | IL‐10 | ×1.7*** | Interleukin 10 |
| Sustentacular cells | EPAS1 | ×1.1 | Endothelial PAS domain protein 1 |
| SIX1 | ×1.1 | Sine oculis‐related homeobox 1 homolog | |
| Polyp | APRIL | ×1.2 | A proliferation‐inducing ligand |
| BAFF | ×0.4*** | B‐cell activating factor | |
| Horizontal basal cells (HBC) | ICAM1 | ×0.9 | Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 |
| RGS1 | ×1.6** | Regulator of G‐protein signaling 1 | |
| TRP63 | ×1.4 | Transformation related protein p63 | |
| Globose basal cells (GBC) | NEUROG1 | ×0.6*** | Neurogenin 1 |
| SOX2 | ×1 | SRY (sex‐determining region Y)‐box 2 | |
| Immature olfactory neurons | GAP43 | ×0.4*** | Growth‐associated protein 43 |
| NHLH2 | ×0.3*** | Nescient helix loop helix 2 | |
| Mature olfactory neurons | NEU2 | ×1.1 | Neuraminidase 2 transcript variant 1 |
| OMP | ×1.1 | Olfactory marker protein |
Data are expressed as a fold change (FC) between the ΔCT of HDM + SEB‐treated mice and ΔCT of vehicle‐treated mice. Statistical differences between groups were assessed using the Wilcoxon‐Mann‐Whitney U test, and P values below P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
CT, cycle threshold; HDM, house dust mite; OE, olfactory epithelium; OMP, olfactory marker protein; PAS, Per‐Arnt‐Sim; SEB, Staphylococcal enterotoxin type B; TSLP, thymic stromal lymphopoietin.
***
P < 0.001 vs controls.
**
P < 0.01 vs controls.