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. 2019 Jun 10;2019:3150145. doi: 10.1155/2019/3150145

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Copyright © 2019 Huanhuan Lv et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

The role of cellular GSH in autophagy. GSH depletion through nutrition starvation or GSH synthesis inhibition or conjugation with GSH or GSH efflux induces ROS generation. ROS accumulation promotes changes in autophagy-related proteins, such as LC3 I/II conversion, p62 degradation, and autophagic vacuole formation. Additionally, ROS induce NCOA4-mediated ferritin degradation in an autophagy process, called ferritinophagy, which is promoting free iron release and accelerating ROS generation.