Table 1.
Serum biochemical parameters in experimental groups of LDLr−/− mice.
| Parameters | Groups | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | GSD | Z-GSD | ||
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 206 ± 12 | 211 ± 19 | 196 ± 20 | 0.2856 |
| OGTT (AUC0-120) | 28476 ± 2159 | 20170 ± 1962∗ | 20830 ± 1552∗ | 0.0154 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 2.8 ± 0.2 | 2.9 ± 0.2 | 3.0 ± 0.7 | 0.9577 |
| Blood urea (mg/dL) | 57 ± 4 | 57 ± 4 | 58 ± 4 | 0.9651 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.20 ± 0.01 | 0.21 ± 0.02 | 0.33 ± 0.05∗# | 0.0082 |
| GGT/urinary creatinine (100 U/g) | 1.66 ± 0.34 | 2.00 ± 0.46 | 3.34 ± 0.46∗ | 0.0323 |
| ALT (U/L) | 37 ± 3 | 41 ± 6 | 39 ± 8 | 0.8829 |
| AST (U/L) | 168 ± 29 | 250 ± 52 | 371 ± 134 | 0.2626 |
| AST/ALT ratio | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 4.4 ± 0.5 | 4.5 ± 0.6 | 0.7576 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.29 ± 0.03 | 0.39 ± 0.09 | 0.31 ± 0.04 | 0.4656 |
Note: the values are presented as the mean ± SEM for n = 7 to 13 animals per group. ∗p < 0.05 vs. the control group and #p < 0.05 vs. GSD (guarana soft drink group). Z-GSD: zero guarana soft drink.