Table 1.

Mechanisms involved in CAF-induced migration or invasion in gastric cancer.

Author	Year	CAFs derived contributor	Regulation of contributor in CAFs	Receptor in cancer cell	Activated signaling pathway in cancer cell	Experimental models	Reference
Yu B et al.	2013	Transgelin (TAGLN)			Metrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)	Transwell migration	[39]
						Invasion assay
						Xenograft model
He XJ et al.	2014	Galectin-1 (Gal-1)		Integrin receptor	Gal-1/Integrin β1 axis	Transwell migration	[40]
						Invasion assay
Kasashima H et al.	2014	Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2)		Integrin receptor	Src/focal adhesion kinase (FAK) pathway	Wound healing assay	[41]
						Invasion assay
Izumi D et al.	2016	CXCL12		CXCR4	Integrin β1/FAK pathway	Invasion assay	[42]
						Real-time imaging
Qiao J et al.	2016	Stromal cell derived factor 1 (SDF1; CXCL12)	Serum response factor (SRF)	CXCR4	SDF1-CXCR4 axis	Transwell migration	[43]
						Wound healing assay
						Invasion assay
						Xenograft model
Wang X et al.	2017	Lumican			Integrin β1/FAK pathway	Transwell migration	[44]
						Invasion assay
						xenograft model
Wu X et al.	2017	Interleukin-6 (IL-6)		Cell-surface type I cytokine receptor complex	JAK2/STAT3 pathway	Transwell migration	[45]
						Peritoneal xenograft
Ding X et al.	2018	HGF/IL-6		c-MET/IL-6R	JAK2/STAT3/twist1 pathway	Transwell migration	[46]
						Invasion assay
						Xenograft model
Miki Y et al.	2018	CD9-positive exosomes			MMP-2	Wound healing assay	[47]
						Transwell migration
Suzuki M et al.	2018	TGF‐β1				Invasion assay	[48]
						Wound healing assay
Wang X et al.	2018	IL-11			JAK/STAT3 and MAPK/ERK pathway	Transwell migration	[49]
						Invasion assay
Wang R et al.	2019	Fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9)	Downregulation of miR-214			Transwell migration	[50]