Fig 4. Genomic variation predicts evolutionary change in egg-to-adult viability in the stressful environment.

Correlations between nucleotide diversity (π) (A-B) or expected inbreeding coefficient (F) (C-D) and changes in egg-to-adult viability (Δ). Δ was calculated as the difference in egg-to-adult viability measured at generation 10 (Gen 10) and generation 0 (Gen 0) on the stressful medium on which the specific line had been reared on throughout the experiment (A and C), and on the benign medium (B and D). Thus, a positive change represents lines where the viability is higher after compared to before the experiment at the respective mediums. Black solid lines represent linear regressions to visualize the relationships, and R² values are shown followed by asterisks denoting significant correlations; * P<0.05, ** P<0.01, *** P<0.001. We only considered difference in viability for lines that did not go extinct, and lines with available nucleotide diversity measures; in total this yielded 87 lines for computing the correlations. Dashed grey lines are shown at slope = 0 for comparison.