Table 1:
Baseline characteristics, by annual heart failure hospitalization rate among participants with chronic kidney disease.
| No HF events/year | >0 – 1 event/year | > 1 event/year | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 3115 | 607 | 69 |
| Mean (SD) age, years | 57.2 (11.1) | 60.2 (9.5) | 61.6 (9.2) |
| Women | 1425 (46) | 265 (44) | 25 (36) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 1383 (44) | 207 (34) | 14 (20) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 1230 (39) | 305 (50) | 45 (65) |
| Hispanic | 374 (12) | 78 (13) | 8 (12) |
| Other | 128 (4) | 17 (3) | 2 (3) |
| Mean (SD) eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 | 45.6 (15.1) | 38.4 (13.0) | 38.4 (13.4) |
| Median (interquartile range) urine albumin to creatinine ratio (μg/mg), | 37.3 (7.3-335.4) | 309.6 (33.4-1405.1) | 210.6 (42.6-944.9) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1348 (43) | 434 (71) | 48 (70) |
| Prior cardiovascular disease | 872 (28) | 346 (57) | 51 (74) |
| Prior heart failure | 191 (6) | 140 (23) | 38 (55) |
| Prior atrial fibrillation | 433 (14) | 177 (29) | 32 (46) |
| Current smoker | 399 (13) | 83 (14) | 13 (19) |
| Mean (SD) body mass index, kg/m2 | 31.6 (7.6) | 34.3 (8.4) | 32.9 (7.1) |
| Mean (SD) systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 126.7 (21.4) | 136.0 (23.3) | 133.7 (24.4) |
| Mean (SD) diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 71.7 (12.4) | 70.0 (13.8) | 69.8 (15.6) |
| Mean (SD) hemoglobin, g/dL | 12.8 (1.7) | 12.0 (1.8) | 11.9 (1.7) |
| Mean (SD) LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 103.4 (34.8) | 98.7 (36.5) | 96.2 (40.3) |
| Mean (SD) HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 48.0 (15.7) | 45.4 (14.3) | 44.2 (13.2) |
| ACEi/ARBs | 2076 (67) | 463 (76) | 49 (71) |
| Diuretics | 1710 (55) | 478 (79) | 57 (83) |
| Loop diuretics | 1001 (32) | 374 (62) | 55 (80) |
| Thiazide diuretics | 905 (29) | 155 (26) | 8 (12) |
| Beta blockers | 1387 (45) | 412 (68) | 52 (75) |
| Calcium channel blockers | 1173 (38) | 320 (53) | 33 (48) |
| Aldosterone receptor antagonists | 105 (3) | 33 (5) | 16 (23) |
| Statins | 1621 (52) | 412 (68) | 47 (68) |
| Median (interquartile range) FGF-23 (RU/mL) | 134.2 (90.9-212.6) | 207.7 (133.9-346.5) | 289.6 (148.4-456.2) |
| Mean (SD) serum phosphorus, mg/dL | 3.7 (0.6) | 3.9 (0.8) | 3.9 (0.6) |
| Median (interquartile range) total parathyroid hormone, pg/mL | 50.1 (33.0-82.6) | 72.9 (45.8-120.0) | 87.7 (47.5-120.5) |
| Mean (SD) left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 55.2 (7.5) | 50.2 (11.0) | 43.9 (14.2) |
| Mean (SD) left ventricular mass index, g/m2 | 49.0 (12.5) | 61.4 (15.0) | 68.9 (16.7) |
| Median (interquartile range) NTpro-BNP, (pg/mL | 109.1 (39.3-285.7) | 432.2 (175.5-972.8) | 808.1 (428.9-2675.6) |
| Median (interquartile range) high sensitive troponin T, pg/mL | 13.1 (8.0-22.7) | 25.4 (15.7-41.4) | 35.0 (18.1-50.2) |