Table 2.
Comparisons of cortical thickness regions of interest at Time 4 (~age 62) in normal versus obese BMI trajectory groups
| Left Hemisphere | Right Hemisphere | Bilateral | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time 4/Age 62 MRI Regions of Interest | Point Estimate (95% CI) | p-value | Point Estimate (95% CI) | p-value | Point Estimate (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Cingulate | |||||||
| Isthmus of Cingulate Gyrus | −0.0280 (−0.0762, 0.0193) | 0.2405 | −0.0097 (−0.0570, 0.0377) | 0.6864 | −0.0141 (−0.0558, 0.0276) | 0.5039 | |
| Caudal Anterior Cingulate | −0.0104 (−0.0741, 0.0533) | 0.7475 | −0.0340 (−0.0938, 0.0258) | 0.2615 | −0.0225 (−0.0725, 0.0276) | 0.3748 | |
| Rostral Posterior Cingulate | −0.0304 (−0.0679, 0.0071) | 0.1112 | −0.0249 (−0.0646, 0.0149) | 0.2171 | −0.0268 (−0.0594, 0.0058) | 0.1066 | |
| Rostral Anterior Cingulate | −0.0658 (−0.1210, −0.0105) | 0.0201 | −0.0399 (−0.0930, 0.0132) | 0.1389 | −0.0506 (−0.0952, −0.0059) | 0.0267 | |
| Frontal Lobe | |||||||
| Frontal Pole | −0.0612 (−0.1264, 0.0039) | 0.0650 | −0.0621 (−0.1275, 0.0033) | 0.0627 | −0.0675 (−0.1211, −0.0140) | 0.0149a | |
| Paracentral Lobule | 0.0072 (−0.0299, 0.0443) | 0.7000 | −0.0105 (−0.0490, 0.0279) | 0.5878 | 0.0020 (−0.0318, 0.0359) | 0.9052 | |
| Precentral Gyrus | −0.0313 (−0.0701, 0.0076) | 0.1133 | −0.0531 (−0.0903, −0.0160) | 0.0055a | −0.0424 (−0.0779, −0.0069) | 0.0199 | |
| Superior Frontal Gyrus | −0.0142 (−0.0473, 0.0188) | 0.3943 | −0.0296 (−0.0604, 0.0012) | 0.0598 | −0.0201 (−0.0506, 0.0103) | 0.1927 | |
| Pars Opercularis | −0.0132 (−0.0497, 0.0233) | 0.4755 | −0.0556 (−0.0948, −0.0163) | 0.0060 | −0.0343 (−0.0670, −0.0016) | 0.0397 | |
| Pars Orbitalis | −0.0530 (−0.1054, −0.0006) | 0.0473 | 0.0099 (−0.0379, 0.0577) | 0.6819 | −0.0234 (−0.0650, 0.0182) | 0.2677 | |
| Pars Triangularis | −0.0317 (−0.0735, 0.0102) | 0.1370 | −0.0673 (−0.1032, −0.0313) | 0.0003a | −0.0481 (−0.0824, −0.0139) | 0.0064a | |
| Caudal Middle Frontal Gyrus | −0.0274 (−0.0645, 0.0098) | 0.1471 | −0.0692 (−0.1083, −0.0301) | 0.0007a | −0.0475 (−0.0819, −0.0132) | 0.0071a | |
| Rostral Middle Frontal Gyrus | −0.0362 (−0.0677, −0.0046) | 0.0249 | −0.0575 (−0.0853, −0.0297) | 0.0001a | −0.0464 (−0.0734, −0.0193) | 0.0010a | |
| Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex | −0.0277 (−0.0633, 0.0079) | 0.1260 | −0.0310 (−0.0688, 0.0067) | 0.1058 | −0.0304 (−0.0632, 0.0025) | 0.0699 | |
| Medial Orbitofrontal Cortex | −0.0301 (−0.0694, 0.0092) | 0.1314 | −0.0150 (−0.0579, 0.0279) | 0.4908 | −0.0192 (−0.0537, 0.0153) | 0.2729 | |
| Occipital Lobe | |||||||
| Cuneus | 0.0123 (−0.0175, 0.0422) | 0.4139 | −0.0064 (−0.0385, 0.0258) | 0.6963 | 0.0029 (−0.0249, 0.0307) | 0.8342 | |
| Lateral Occipital Cortex | −0.0105 (−0.0421, 0.0210) | 0.5088 | −0.0003 (−0.0336, 0.0330) | 0.9851 | −0.0044 (−0.0344, 0.0256) | 0.7736 | |
| Lingual Gyrus | 0.0091 (−0.0201, 0.0382) | 0.5398 | −0.0006 (−0.0302, 0.0290) | 0.9703 | 0.0062 (−0.0206, 0.0331) | 0.6473 | |
| Pericalcarine | 0.0127 (−0.0157, 0.0411) | 0.3785 | −0.0027 (−0.0313, 0.0259) | 0.8500 | 0.0038 (−0.0198, 0.0274) | 0.7499 | |
| Parietal Lobe | |||||||
| Inferior Parietal Cortex | −0.0179 (−0.0509, 0.0151) | 0.2843 | −0.0279 (−0.0612, 0.0054) | 0.0997 | −0.0216 (−0.0518, 0.0087) | 0.1608 | |
| Postcentral Gyrus | −0.0217 (−0.0537, 0.0103) | 0.1825 | −0.0365 (−0.0659, −0.0071) | 0.0154 | −0.0276 (−0.0552, 0.0000) | 0.0499 | |
| Precuneus | −0.0268 (−0.0580, 0.0043) | 0.0907 | −0.0234 (−0.0584, 0.0116) | 0.1873 | −0.0243 (−0.0547, 0.0060) | 0.1150 | |
| Superior Parietal Cortex | 0.0075 (−0.0269, 0.0420) | 0.6657 | −0.0023 (−0.0361, 0.0315) | 0.8917 | 0.0070 (−0.0257,0.0397) | 0.6737 | |
| Supramarginal Gyrus | −0.0340 (−0.0696, 0.0016) | 0.0607 | −0.0388 (−0.0725, −0.0052) | 0.0242 | −0.0354 (−0.0661, −0.0048) | 0.0240 | |
| Temporal Lobe | Temporal Lobe | ||||||
| Banks of Superior Temporal Sulcus | −0.0739 (−0.1123, −0.0356) | 0.0002a | −0.0474 (−0.0890, −0.0059) | 0.0255 | −0.0623 (−0.0931, −0.0315) | 0.0001a | |
| Inferior Temporal Cortex | −0.0492 (−0.0840, −0.0144) | 0.0061a | −0.0339 (−0.0695, 0.0017) | 0.0620 | −0.0412 (−0.0719, −0.0105) | 0.0090a | |
| Middle Temporal Gyrus | −0.0521 (−0.0864, −0.0179) | 0.0032a | −0.0500 (−0.0841, −0.0160) | 0.0044a | −0.0503 (−0.0796, −0.0211) | 0.0009a | |
| Superior Temporal Gyrus | −0.0336 (−0.0697, 0.0024) | 0.0672 | −0.0556 (−0.0909, −0.0204) | 0.0023a | −0.0410 (−0.0729, −0.0090) | 0.0125a | |
| Transverse Temporal Gyrus | −0.0297 (−0.0842, 0.0249) | 0.2832 | −0.0407 (−0.0961, 0.0148) | 0.1487 | −0.0339 (−0.0817, 0.0138) | 0.1616 | |
| Entorhinal Cortex | −0.0573 (−0.1387, 0.0241) | 0.1656 | −0.0240 (−0.1094, 0.0613) | 0.5778 | −0.0403 (−0.1103, 0.0298) | 0.2569 | |
| Fusiform Gyrus | −0.0650 (−0.0993, −0.0306) | 0.0003a | −0.0355 (−0.0692, −0.0018) | 0.0389 | −0.0511 (−0.0815, −0.0207) | 0.0012a | |
| Parahippocampal Gyrus | −0.0239 (−0.0989, 0.0511) | 0.5280 | −0.0502 (−0.1178, 0.0174) | 0.1436 | −0.0355 (−0.0996, 0.0286) | 0.2747 | |
| Temporal Pole | −0.0652 (−0.1397, 0.0092) | 0.0853 | −0.1130 (−0.1831, −0.0430) | 0.0018a | −0.0867 (−0.1460, −0.0275) | 0.0045a | |
NOTE: Adjusted for scanner, age, ethnicity, education, smoking, at-risk for hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol, inflammation, ischemic heart disease and the random effect of family ID. MRI measures adjusted for scanner and weighted average thickness;
a
indicates p<.05, FDR corrected. Negative sign indicates that the region is thinner in participants who are in the obese (BMI>30) compared with those who are not obese (BMI < 30) at Time 4 (age 62). Banks Sup Temporal Sulcus = Banks of Superior Temporal Sulcus.