Table 3.
Cross-sectional comparisons of cortical thickness regions of interest in obese versus non-obese groups at Time 4 (~age 62)
| Left Hemisphere | Right Hemisphere | Bilateral | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MRI measures (Regions of Interest) | Point Estimate (95% CI) | p-value | Point Estimate (95% CI) | p-value | Point Estimate (95% CI) | p-value |
| Cingulate | ||||||
| Isthmus of Cingulate Gyrus | −0.0259 (−0.0734, 0.0217) | 0.2831 | −0.0110 (−0.0587, 0.0366) | 0.6477 | −0.0155 (−0.0568, 0.0259) | 0.4604 |
| Caudal Anterior Cingulate | 0.0191 (−0.0443, 0.0825) | 0.5512 | −0.0382 (−0.0984, 0.0220) | 0.2108 | −0.0105 (−0.0601, 0.0391) | 0.6756 |
| Rostral Posterior Cingulate | −0.0152 (−0.0526, 0.0222) | 0.4210 | −0.0070 (−0.0466, 0.0326) | 0.7278 | −0.0096 (−0.0417, 0.0225) | 0.5543 |
| Rostral Anterior Cingulate | −0.0805 (−0.1364, −0.0246) | 0.0052 | −0.0229 (−0.0770, 0.0311) | 0.4020 | −0.0491 (−0.0941, −0.0041) | 0.0330 |
| Frontal Lobe | ||||||
| Frontal Pole | −0.0703 (−0.1362, −0.0045) | 0.0366 | −0.0520 (−0.1176, 0.0136) | 0.1190 | −0.0646 (−0.1181, −0.0112) | 0.0183 |
| Paracentral Lobule | −0.0162 (−0.0528, 0.0205) | 0.3833 | −0.0342 (−0.0720, 0.0036) | 0.0756 | −0.0227 (−0.0559, 0.0104) | 0.1761 |
| Precentral Gyrus | −0.0397 (−0.0791, −0.0004) | 0.0480 | −0.0607 (−0.0980, −0.0234) | 0.0017a | −0.0502 (−0.0859, −0.0145) | 0.0063a |
| Superior Frontal Gyrus | −0.0111 (−0.0435, 0.0213) | 0.4970 | −0.0230 (−0.0533, 0.0073) | 0.1357 | −0.0151 (−0.0448, 0.0147) | 0.3182 |
| Pars Opercularis | −0.0187 (−0.0557, 0.0182) | 0.3171 | −0.0461 (−0.0861, −0.0060) | 0.0246 | −0.0311 (−0.0642, 0.0020) | 0.0654 |
| Pars Orbitalis | −0.0456 (−0.0984, 0.0072) | 0.0899 | 0.0250 (−0.0229, 0.0730) | 0.3029 | −0.0083 (−0.0498, 0.0332) | 0.6927 |
| Pars Triangularis | −0.0379 (−0.0797, 0.0040) | 0.0760 | −0.0770 (−0.1135, −0.0405) | 0.0001a | −0.0562 (−0.0905, −0.0220) | 0.0015a |
| Caudal Middle Frontal Gyrus | −0.0453 (−0.0825, −0.0081) | 0.0176 | −0.0586 (−0.0982, −0.0190) | 0.0042a | −0.0509 (−0.0852, −0.0165) | 0.0041a |
| Rostral Middle Frontal Gyrus | −0.0229 (−0.0544, 0.0087) | 0.1536 | −0.0586 (−0.0865, −0.0308) | 0.0001a | −0.0395 (−0.0665, −0.0126) | 0.0045a |
| Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex | −0.0294 (−0.0648, 0.0061) | 0.1038 | −0.0177 (−0.0559, 0.0205) | 0.3608 | −0.0224 (−0.0554, 0.0105) | 0.1793 |
| Medial Orbitofrontal Cortex | −0.0337 (−0.0731, 0.0058) | 0.0933 | −0.0071 (−0.0499, 0.0357) | 0.7422 | −0.0182 (−0.0523, 0.0160) | 0.2949 |
| Occipital Lobe | ||||||
| Cuneus | 0.0039 (−0.0262, 0.0341) | 0.7968 | −0.0078 (−0.0401, 0.0244) | 0.6308 | −0.0012 (−0.0290, 0.0267) | 0.9334 |
| Lateral Occipital Cortex | −0.0106 (−0.0420, 0.0209) | 0.5069 | 0.0145 (−0.0184, 0.0474) | 0.3830 | 0.0032 (−0.0264, 0.0328) | 0.8293 |
| Lingual Gyrus | 0.0173 (−0.0115, 0.0462) | 0.2360 | 0.0140 (−0.0154, 0.0435) | 0.3470 | 0.0189 (−0.0075, 0.0453) | 0.1580 |
| Pericalcarine | 0.0029 (−0.0257, 0.0314) | 0.8418 | 0.0131 (−0.0155, 0.0418) | 0.3657 | 0.0082 (−0.0152, 0.0316) | 0.4882 |
| Parietal Lobe | ||||||
| Inferior Parietal Cortex | −0.0214 (−0.0541, 0.0112) | 0.1957 | −0.0298 (−0.0633, 0.0036) | 0.0799 | −0.0248 (−0.0548, 0.0052) | 0.1040 |
| Postcentral Gyrus | −0.0214 (−0.0534, 0.0106) | 0.1883 | −0.0499 (−0.0788, −0.0210) | 0.0009a | −0.0325 (−0.0597, −0.0052) | 0.0200 |
| Precuneus | −0.0436 (−0.0744, −0.0127) | 0.0061 | −0.0242 (−0.0591, 0.0107) | 0.1727 | −0.0317 (−0.0618, −0.0016) | 0.0395 |
| Superior Parietal Cortex | 0.0075 (−0.0269, 0.0420) | 0.6657 | −0.0023 (−0.0361, 0.0315) | 0.8917 | 0.0060 (−0.0258, 0.0379) | 0.7076 |
| Supramarginal Gyrus | −0.0326 (−0.0684, 0.0032) | 0.0741 | −0.0586 (−0.0922, −0.0250) | 0.0008a | −0.0443 (−0.0749, −0.0137) | 0.0050a |
| Temporal Lobe | ||||||
| Banks Sup Temporal Sulcus | −0.0547 (−0.0943, −0.0151) | 0.0072a | −0.0259 (−0.0681, 0.0162) | 0.2251 | −0.0394 (−0.0707, −0.0081) | 0.0142a |
| Inferior Temporal Cortex | −0.0478 (−0.0829, −0.0127) | 0.0081a | −0.0301 (−0.0653, 0.0051) | 0.0930 | −0.0371 (−0.0676, −0.0067) | 0.0174 |
| Middle Temporal Gyrus | −0.0486 (−0.0831, −0.0142) | 0.0061a | −0.0475 (−0.0818, −0.0132) | 0.0071a | −0.0473 (−0.0766, −0.0180) | 0.0018a |
| Superior Temporal Gyrus | −0.0381 (−0.0740, −0.0021) | 0.0382 | −0.0622 (−0.0972, −0.0271) | 0.0007a | −0.0480 (−0.0796, −0.0164) | 0.0033a |
| Transverse Temporal Gyrus | −0.0409 (−0.0955, 0.0138) | 0.1409 | −0.0440 (−0.1000, 0.0120) | 0.1222 | −0.0415 (−0.0892, 0.0062) | 0.0877 |
| Entorhinal Cortex | −0.0666 (−0.1488, 0.0157) | 0.1114 | −0.0539 (−0.1398, 0.0321) | 0.2171 | −0.0601 (−0.1302, 0.0101) | 0.0926 |
| Fusiform Gyrus | −0.0549 (−0.0894, −0.0205) | 0.0021a | −0.0353 (−0.0690, −0.0016) | 0.0405 | −0.0453 (−0.0756, −0.0150) | 0.0038a |
| Parahippocampal Gyrus | −0.0347 (−0.1091, 0.0397) | 0.3573 | −0.0424 (−0.1106, 0.0258) | 0.2204 | −0.0360 (−0.1000, 0.0279) | 0.2664 |
| Temporal Pole | −0.0516 (−0.1264, 0.0231) | 0.1736 | −0.0957 (−0.1668, −0.0246) | 0.0088a | −0.0663 (−0.1256, −0.0070) | 0.0289 |
NOTE: Adjusted for scanner, age, ethnicity, education, smoking, at-risk for hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol, inflammation, ischemic heart disease and the random effect of family ID. MRI measures adjusted for scanner and weighted average thickness;
a
indicates p<.05, FDR corrected. Negative sign indicates that the region is thinner in participants who are in the obese (BMI>30) compared with those who are not obese (BMI < 30) at Time 4 (age 62). Banks Sup Temporal Sulcus = Banks of Superior Temporal Sulcus.