Table 2. Summary of previous reports of sapantaneous choroidal hemorrhage.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Demographic data | n |
| Sex (M/F) | 13/23 |
| Eye (R/L) | 17/20 |
| Average age (year ± SD) | 67.9 ± 16.7 |
| Age range (year) | 27-90 |
| Medical history | n (%) |
| Hypertension | 18 (50) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 9 (25) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 5 (13.9) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 4 (11.1) |
| Chronic renal failure | 3 (8.3) |
| Arteriosclerosis | 2 (5.6) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 2 (5.6) |
| Hemophilia | 1 (2.8) |
| Hemodialysis | 1 (2.8) |
| Aortic aneurysms | 1 (2.8) |
| Cystic fibrosis | 1 (2.8) |
| Cerebrovascular episode | 1 (2.8) |
| Coronary arterial disease | 1 (2.8) |
| Viral hepatitis C | 1 (2.8) |
| Rheumatic heart disease | 1 (2.8) |
| Mitral valve replacement | 1 (2.8) |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 1 (2.8) |
| Peritoneal dialysis | 1 (2.8) |
| Decompensated liver disease | 1 (2.8) |
| Brainstem stroke | 1 (2.8) |
| None | 3 (8.3) |
| Anticoagulant agent | n (%) |
| Warfarin | 9 (25) |
| Aspirin | 4 (11.1) |
| Heparin | 3 (8.3) |
| Tissue plasminogen activator | 1 (2.8) |
| Clopidogrel bisulfate | 1 (2.8) |
| Plavix | 1 (2.8) |
| None | 16 (44.4) |
| Not available | 3 (8.3) |
| Ocular history | n (%) |
| Age-related macular degeneration | 12 (32.4) |
| Glaucoma | 7 (18.9) |
| Pseudophakia | 6 (16.2) |
| High myopia | 3 (8.1) |
| Hypermetropic | 1 (2.7) |
| Vitrectomized | 1 (2.7) |
| Diabetic retinopathy | 1 (2.7) |
| None | 9 (24.3) |
| Not available | 2 (5.4) |
| Treatment | n (%) |
| Conservative treatment | 13 (35.1) |
| Sclerotomy | 11 (29.7) |
| Eviseration/enucleation | 7 (18.9) |
| Vitrectomy | 4 (10.8) |
| Laser iridotomy | 2 (5.4) |
| Paracentesis | 1 (2.7) |
M: male;F: female; R: right; L: left; SD: standard deviation.