Table 5.
Colorectal cancer mortality according to postdiagnosis physical activity levels in strata of combined CD3+ cell density and nuclear CTNNB1 (beta-catenin) expression, PTGS2 (cyclooxygenase-2) expression, or IRS1 expression status
| Colorectal cancer-specific mortality HR for a quartile-unit increase of postdiagnosis physical activity levels |
Overall mortality HR for a quartile-unit increase of postdiagnosis physical activity levels |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | No. of cases | No. of events | Univariate HR (95% CI)* | Multivariable HR (95% CI)*† | No. of events | Univariate HR (95% CI)* | Multivariable HR (95% CI)*† |
| Nuclear CTNNB1 (beta-catenin) expression | |||||||
| Negative | |||||||
| CD3+ cell-low‡ | 109 | 25 | 0.60 (0.39 to 0.91) | 0.57 (0.37 to 0.88) | 65 | 0.58 (0.46 to 0.74) | 0.61 (0.49 to 0.76) |
| CD3+ cell-high‡ | 117 | 22 | 0.82 (0.58 to 1.16) | 0.81 (0.57 to 1.14) | 67 | 0.79 (0.63 to 1.00) | 0.89 (0.72 to 1.10) |
| Positive | |||||||
| CD3+ cell-low‡ | 106 | 28 | 0.76 (0.55 to 1.06) | 0.74 (0.52 to 1.05) | 66 | 0.79 (0.64 to 0.98) | 0.87 (0.70 to 1.07) |
| CD3+ cell-high‡ | 97 | 16 | 0.93 (0.55 to 1.58) | 1.03 (0.62 to 1.73) | 55 | 0.91 (0.70 to 1.18) | 0.96 (0.75 to 1.24) |
| PTGS2 (cyclooxygenase-2) expression | |||||||
| Negative | |||||||
| CD3+ cell-low‡ | 74 | 14 | 0.62 (0.38 to 1.02) | 0.60 (0.37 to 0.99) | 43 | 0.71 (0.55 to 0.91) | 0.71 (0.54 to 0.94) |
| CD3+ cell-high‡ | 90 | 14 | 0.58 (0.36 to 0.96) | 0.55 (0.33 to 0.90) | 51 | 0.69 (0.53 to 0.89) | 0.78 (0.60 to 1.02) |
| Positive | |||||||
| CD3+ cell-low‡ | 148 | 39 | 0.71 (0.52 to 0.96) | 0.61 (0.44 to 0.86) | 90 | 0.71 (0.58 to 0.86) | 0.74 (0.61 to 0.89) |
| CD3+ cell-high‡ | 133 | 26 | 1.11 (0.78 to 1.58) | 1.06 (0.73 to 1.55) | 77 | 0.95 (0.77 to 1.18) | 1.01 (0.82 to 1.24) |
| IRS1 expression | |||||||
| Negative/low | |||||||
| CD3+ cell-low‡ | 136 | 38 | 0.62 (0.44 to 0.86) | 0.60 (0.42 to 0.86) | 89 | 0.68 (0.56 to 0.82) | 0.71 (0.58 to 0.86) |
| CD3+ cell-high‡ | 144 | 19 | 0.82 (0.53 to 1.26) | 0.76 (0.49 to 1.19) | 79 | 0.87 (0.71 to 1.08) | 0.91 (0.74 to 1.12) |
| High | |||||||
| CD3+ cell-low‡ | 57 | 7 | 1.73 (1.03 to 2.90) | 1.57 (0.93 to 2.64) | 30 | 0.98 (0.72 to 1.34) | 0.93 (0.72 to 1.20) |
| CD3+ cell-high‡ | 62 | 19 | 1.01 (0.69 to 1.46) | 1.18 (0.82 to 1.69) | 40 | 0.80 (0.61 to 1.07) | 0.89 (0.67 to 1.19) |
IPW was applied to reduce a bias due to the availability of questionnaire data after cancer diagnosis (see “Statistical Analysis” subsection for details). CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio; IPW = inverse probability weighting.
The multivariable sex-stratified IPW-adjusted Cox regression model initially included age, year of diagnosis, family history of colorectal cancer, body mass index, prediagnosis physical activity, tumor location, tumor differentiation, disease stage, microsatellite instability, CpG island methylator phenotype, long interspersed nucleotide element-1 methylation level, KRAS mutation, BRAF mutation, PIK3CA mutation, nuclear CTNNB1 expression (except for CTNNB1-stratified analyses), PTGS2 expression (except for PTGS2-stratified analyses), and IRS1 expression (except for IRS1-stratified analyses). A backward elimination with a threshold of P equal to .05 was used to select variables for the final models.
CD3+ cell density was categorized as low vs high by the median value.