TABLE 1.

Comparative analysis of diagnostic performance characteristics of urinary biomarkers with different severity grades of histopathology using area under the receiver operating characteristic curves^a

Subgroup	Biomarker (ng/ml)	Day 1 biomarkers predicting 24 h histopath (AUC [95% CI])	Day 3 biomarkers predicting 72 h histopath (AUC [95% CI])	Day 2 biomarkers predicting 144 h histopath (AUC [95% CI])	Day 6 biomarkers predicting 144 h histopath (AUC [95% CI])
Histopath of ≥1	NGAL	0.320 (0.14–0.50)	0.758 (0.61–0.91)	0.649 (0.39–0.91)	0.760 (0.56–0.96)
	KIM-1	0.661 (0.50–0.82)	0.923 (0.85–1.00)	0.752 (0.59–0.91)	0.918 (0.82–1.00)
	Clusterin	0.706 (0.55–0.86)	0.892 (0.80–0.99)	0.754 (0.59–0.92)	0.889 (0.78–1.00)
	OPN	0.590 (0.41–0.77)	0.952 (0.90–1.00)	0.615 (0.41–0.82)	0.757 (0.58–0.94)
	Cystatin C	0.483 (0.29–0.68)	0.688 (0.49–0.89)	0.692 (0.47–0.91)	0.538 (0.29–0.78)
Histopath of ≥2	NGAL	0.381 (0.16–0.60)	0.555 (0.36–0.75)	0.668 (0.44–0.90)	0.71 (0.53–0.89)
	KIM-1	0.762 (0.46–1.00)	0.822 (0.70–0.95)	0.913 (0.79–1.00)	0.90 (0.80–1.00)
	Clusterin	0.762 (0.52–1.00)	0.801 (0.67–0.93)	0.861 (0.74–1.00)	0.82 (0.68–0.96)
	OPN	0.714 (0.46–0.97)	0.695 (0.53–0.86)	0.828 (0.68–0.98)	0.85 (0.72–0.99)
	Cystatin C	0.394 (0.14–0.65)	0.549 (0.37–0.72)	0.695 (0.49–0.90)	0.55 (0.34–0.76)
Histopath of ≥3	NGAL	Outcome does not vary	0.571 (0.37–0.77)	0.931 (0.84–1.00)	0.58 (0.40–0.76)
	KIM-1	Outcome does not vary	0.476 (0.21–0.74)	0.986 (0.95–1.00)	0.83 (0.68–0.99)
	Clusterin	Outcome does not vary	0.381 (0.23–0.53)	0.793 (0.63–0.96)	0.72 (0.53–0.92)
	OPN	Outcome does not vary	0.511 (0.18–0.84)	0.755 (0.60–0.91)	0.69 (0.52–0.86)
	Cystatin C	Outcome does not vary	0.488 (0.00–1.00)	0.813 (0.48–1.00)	0.37 (0.16–0.57)

^aAUC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; CI, confidence interval; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; KIM-1, kidney injury molecule-1; OPN, osteopontin.