Table 3.
Pre-biopsy PSA and pathological characteristics of primary prostate tumors in non-metastatic and metastatic prostate cancer patients.
| Non-metastatic | Metastatic | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-biopsy PSA (ng/mL), median (range) | 5.1 (1.2–25.3) | 140.9 (1.8–3200) | <0.0001*** ‡ |
| Stage | <0.0001*** † | ||
| I | 0/30 (0) | 1/45 (2.2) | |
| II | 22/30 (73.3) | 6/45 (13.3) | |
| III | 8/30 (26.7) | 14/45 (31.1) | |
| IV | 0/30 (0) | 24/45 (53.3) | |
| Biopsy Gleason Score (%) | <0.0001*** † | ||
| 6 | 15/30 (50.0) | 4/45 (8.9) | |
| 7 | 15/30 (50.0) | 11/45 (24.4) | |
| 8 | 0/30 (0) | 6/45 (13.3) | |
| 9 | 0/30 (0) | 20/45 (44.5) | |
| 10 | 0/30 (0) | 4/45 (8.9) | |
| Percent tumor volume in most positive core, median (range) | 10 (5–80) | 80 (5–100) | <0.0001*** ‡ |
| Laterality (%) | 0.265 € | ||
| Unilateral | 8/30 (26.7) | 7/45 (15.6) | |
| Bilateral | 22/30 (73.3) | 38/45 (84.4) | |
| RP Gleason Score (%) | <0.0001*** † | ||
| 5 | 1/30 (3.3) | 0/12 (0) | |
| 6 | 11/30 (36.7) | 0/12 (0) | |
| 7 | 15/30 (50.0) | 2/12 (16.7) | |
| 8 | 3/30 (10.0) | 2/12 (16.7) | |
| 9 | 0/30 (0) | 6/12 (50.0) | |
| 10 | 0/30 (0) | 2/12 (16.7) | |
| Extraprostatic extension (%) | 8/30 (26.7) | 10/12 (83.3) | 0.00046** € |
| Seminal vesicle invasion (%) | 1/30 (3.3) | 4/12 (33.3) | 0.0619 † |
| Perineural invasion (%) | 8/30 (26.7) | 12/12 (100) | <0.0001*** † |
| Margins (%) | <0.0001*** † | ||
| Negative | 16/30 (53.3) | 0/30 (0) | |
| Immediately adjacent | 2/30 (6.7) | 1/12 (8.3) | |
| Positive | 12/30 (40.0) | 11/12 (91.7) |
PSA, prostate-specific antigen; normal PSA < 4.0 ng/mL. RP, radical prostatectomy; all 30 non-metastatic cases underwent RP, whereas only 12 metastatic cases underwent RP.
**
p < 0.01,
***
p <0.0001.
‡
, Kruskal-Wallis test;
†
, Fisher’s exact test;
€
, Chi-square test.