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. 2019 Jun 24;14:113. doi: 10.1186/s13014-019-1319-8

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Markov model for advanced rectal cancer. According to the study profile, two groups were analyzed: group SCRT, patients with locally advanced resectable rectal cancer treated with preoperative short-course irradiation (5 × 5Gy) and immediate surgery plus chemotherapy; group LCCRT, patients with locally advanced resectable rectal cancer treated with long-course preoperative CRT (1.8 × 28Gy) and delayed surgery. A Markov model comprising three health states (disease-free survival (DFS), progressive disease (PD) and death) was built