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. 2019 Jun 24;12:311. doi: 10.1186/s13071-019-3568-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 5 — Morphology of vertical and horizontal sections of larval abdominal integument of different larval stages by TEM. a–d Vertical sections of integument from the first- to the fourth-instar larvae, respectively. e–h Horizontal sections of integument of the first- to fourth-instar larvae, respectively. Abbreviations: exo, exocuticle; endo, endocuticle