Table 1.
Details of studies included in review
| Study ID (country) | N (gender) | Weight status | Setting | Intervention format | Intervention length | Deliverer | Comparison | Deposit/ Fee |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balk-Møller 2017 a [38] (Denmark) | 269 (92% female) | Mean waist circumference 92 cm | Workplace | Individual / Workplace team | 38 weeks | Web and App | D/PA + pledge vs NTC | None |
| Black b 1983 [43](USA) | 36 (females) | 37% mean overweight** | Community | Couple / Individual | 10 weeks | HCP + DS | D/PA + BC with varying husband involvement | $11 deposit refunded on attendance |
| Clifford 1991 a [36] (USA) | 48 (completed 17 female 17 male) | 84% had BMI ≥ 25 | Community | Group + individual /peer support | 52 weeks | HCP/ YMCA director | D/PA + BC vs NTC | $50 NR deposit $195 course fee |
| Craighead 1989a [45] (USA) | 62 Female | 15-45lbs overweight | Community | Group information + supervised/contracted exercise | 12 weeks | DS | D/PA + contract vs contract only | $10 deposit refunded at end of treatment |
| Dubbert b 1984 [46] (USA) | 62 (48 female,14 male) | Min 15lbs, max 100% overweight* | Community | Group + Couple/Group + Individual | 19 weeks | HCP | D/PA + spouse BC vs D/PA, proximal or distal goals. | $65 deposit ($15 refundable) Cost for couples. |
| Franzini 1980a [42] (USA) | 76 (70 female, 6 male) | 37% mean overweight** (10.4–87.7%) | Community | Group | 11 weeks | HCP + GS | D/PA + BC vs D/PA vs WLC | £5 cost for materials |
| Kegler a 2016 [41] (USA) | 349 (female only) | BMI 38.3 (mean) | Home | Individual + telephone support./ 3 mail information | 16 weeks | Non-HCP | D/PA + BC vs IO | None |
| Maruyama 2010 a [40] (Japan) | 101 (male only) | BMI 25.8 (mean) | Workplace | Individual + Web support | 16 weeks | HCP | D/PA + BC vs NTC | None |
| Nyer a,b 2010 [39] (India) | 211 (female only) | 15-20lbs* overweight (20lbs max) | Community | Group | 16 weeks | HCP | D/PA + BC conditions vs D/PA | Not stated |
| Ureda b 1980 [44] (USA) | 106 (not reported) | 34.5 lbs. (median) | Community | Group | 4 weeks | Not reported | D/PA + BCW vs D/PA + BC | None |
acommitment vs control study, bcommitment vs different contract study. HCP Healthcare Professional, GS Graduate student, DS Doctoral student, D Dietary intervention, PA Physical activity intervention, WLC Waiting list control, NTC No treatment control, IO Information only, BCW Behavioural contract witnessing BC Behavioural contract