Table 1.
Summary Statistics: Baseline Results (N=144)Ɨ
| Total (N=144) | Adopters (N=43) | Non-Adopters (N=101) |
Diff. in means |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Dependent Variables | |||||
| Household fuel expenditures (in RWF): past 4 weeks | |||||
| Cooking fuel purchased | 12,479.9 (6,775.0) | 13,234.9 (6,332.0) | 12,158.4 (6,960.6) | 1076.47 | 0.36 |
| Charocal purchased for cooking | 11,430.6 (5,734.7) | 12,558.1 (5,183.8) | 10,950.5 (5,912.9) | 1607.64 | 0.10 |
| Primary cooks' health symptoms: past 12 months | |||||
| Burns (%) | 18.9 | 20.9 | 17.8 | 0.03 | 0.67 |
| Night phlegm (%) | 9.1 | 4.7 | 10.9 | −0.06 | 0.17 |
| Shortness of breath (%) | 44.1 | 48.8 | 41.6 | 0.07 | 0.43 |
| Average systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 120.6 (16.1) | 119.0 (13.7) | 121.2 (17.0) | −2.24 | 0.40 |
| Average diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 78.3 (10.4) | 78.7 (9.0) | 78.1 (11.0) | 0.53 | 0.76 |
| Primary cooks' time use (in hours): past 7 days | |||||
| Cooking-related activities | 22.7 (10.7) | 24.0 (9.6) | 22.1 (11.1) | 1.82 | 0.32 |
| Childcare and household cleaning | 15.4 (17.4) | 19.1 (19.2) | 13.8 (16.4) | 5.35 | 0.11 |
| Non-agricultural activities | 4.9 (15.4) | 3.3 (12.5) | 5.6 (16.5) | −2.32 | 0.35 |
| Wage labor | 2.2 (9.9) | 4.2 (12.8) | 1.4 (8.3) | 2.84 | 0.18 |
| Casual or day labor | 1.2 (8.5) | 0.2 (1.5) | 1.7 (10.0) | −1.43 | 0.16 |
| Other activities (firewood collection, water collection etc.) | 1.5 (4.7) | 0.7 (2.2) | 1.9 (5.4) | −1.16 | 0.07* |
| B. Independent Variables | |||||
| Household characteristics | |||||
| Total number of members (mean) | 6.0 (2.6) | 6.4 (2.2) | 5.8 (2.7) | 0.61 | 0.16 |
| Stove used in the past 30 days (%) | |||||
| Portable charcoal stove | 6.3 | 2.3 | 7.9 | −0.06 | 0.12 |
| Fixed charcoal stove | 63.6 | 65.1 | 62.4 | 0.03 | 0.76 |
| Traditional three-stone fire | 30.1 | 32.6 | 29.7 | 0.03 | 0.74 |
| Number of durable goods (mean) | 7.4 (3.0) | 8.7 (2.5) | 6.9 (3.0) | 1.77 | 0.00*** |
| Ownership of any land (%) | 19.6 | 23.3 | 17.8 | 0.05 | 0.47 |
| Per capita hygiene expenditure in last 4 weeks (in RWF) | 57,797.2 (38,400.4) | 62,306.3 (36,486.7) | 55,877.5 (39,205.4) | 6,428.87 | 0.34 |
| Per capita hygiene expenditure in last 4 weeks (in RWF) | 2,607.2 (2,610.5) | 3,678.5 (3,399.8) | 2,151.1 (2,046.1) | 1,527.37 | 0.01** |
| Primary cook characteristics | |||||
| Hired (%) | 32.9 | 44.2 | 28.7 | 0.16 | 0.08* |
| Female (%) | 77.6 | 81.4 | 75.2 | 0.06 | 0.40 |
| Household head characteristics | |||||
| Female (%) | 29.4 | 18.6 | 33.7 | −0.15 | 0.05* |
| Age in years (mean) | 47.9 (13.8) | 47.7 (11.4) | 48.1 (14.8) | −0.38 | 0.87 |
| Married (%) | 66.4 | 83.7 | 59.4 | 0.24 | 0.00*** |
| Education at secondary and above level (%) Ever heard about cooking practices | 57.3 | 55.8 | 58.4 | −0.03 | 0.77 |
| Ever heard about cooking practices | |||||
| negatively impacting own health and health of young children (%) | 65.7 | 69.8 | 63.4 | 0.06 | 0.45 |
| Ever heard about cooking practices negatively impacting forests (%) | 70.6 | 65.1 | 73.3 | −0.08 | 0.34 |
| Ever heard about cooking practices negatively impacting local air quality (%) | 69.2 | 69.8 | 69.3 | 0.01 | 0.96 |
| Think that some stoves produce less smoke than others (%) | 88.1 | 90.7 | 87.1 | 0.04 | 0.52 |
| Think that some fuels produce less smoke than others (%) | 87.4 | 90.7 | 86.1 | 0.05 | 0.42 |
Ɨ
Standard deviation in parentheses for continuous variables