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. 2019 Jun 21;15:159–174. doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S175970

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Effects of tobacco-cigarette smoke on cardiovascular disease.Notes: Carbon monoxide, nicotine, free radicals, carbonyls (including acrolein), and particulate matter are known components of tobacco-cigarette smoke that contribute to cardiovascular disease. Electronic cigarettes do not emit carbon monoxide, but still deliver nicotine, and often (but not always) detectable levels of these other components, making their cardiovascular risk less clear.