Table 1.
Individual Study Characteristics
| Lead Author (Year) | Study Design | Training: Noninjured/ Injured, n | Control: Noninjured/ Injured, n | Country: Level/Division | Participant Age, y | Sport Types | Total Training Time, ha | Total Training Sessionsa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hewett (1999)24 | Prospective nonrandomized cohort | 364/2 | 458/5 | US: high school | Range 14–18 | Soccer, volleyball, and basketball | 13.4 | 18 |
| Söderman (2000)59 |
Prospective randomized controlled | 58/4 | 77/1 | Sweden: Divisions 2 and 3 | Mean 20.4 | Soccer | 22.5 | 108 |
| Heidt (2000)21 | Prospective randomized controlled | 41/1 | 250/8 | US: high school | Range 14–18 | Soccer | 21.8 | 30 |
| Myklebust (2003),47 year 1 |
Prospective nonrandomized observation-intervention | 832/23 | 913/29 | Norway: Divisions 1–3 | Range 21–22 | Handball | 13.8 | 55 |
| Myklebust (2003),47 year 2 |
Prospective nonrandomized observation-intervention | 833/17 | 913/29 | Norway: Divisions 1–3 | Range 21–22 | Handball | 13.8 | 55 |
| Mandelbaum (2005)40 |
Prospective nonrandomized cohort | 1879/6 | 3751/67 | US: Coast Soccer League (14- to 18- year-olds) | Range 14–18 | Soccer | 11.4 | 36 |
| Olsen (2005)51 | Prospective cluster randomized controlled | 805/3 | 769/9 | Norway: 16- to 17-y divisions | Range 16–17 | Handball | 13.5 | 45 |
| Petersen (2005)56 | Prospective matched cohort | 133/1 | 137/5 | Germany: semiprofessional and amateur | Mean ~19 | Handball | 9.8 | 59 |
| Pfeiffer (2006)57 | Prospective nonrandomized cohort | 574/3 | 859/3 | US: high school | Range 14–18 | Soccer, volleyball, and basketball | 10 | 30 |
| Gilchrist (2008)19 | Prospective cluster randomized controlled | 576/7 | 834/18 | US: college Division 1 | Mean 19.9 | Soccer | 11.4 | 36 |
| Steffen (2008)63 | Prospective block randomized controlled | 1073/4 | 947/5 | Norway: under 17 | Mean 15.4 | Soccer | 10 | 40 |
| Pasanen (2008)55 | Prospective cluster randomized controlled | 250/6 | 197/4 | Finland: top level | Mean 24 | Floorball | 12.4 | 42 |
| Kiani (2010)31 | Prospective cluster nonrandomized cohort | 777/0 | 724/5 | Sweden: various levels | Mean 15 | Soccer | 12.8 | 51 |
| LaBella (2011)34 | Prospective cluster randomized controlled | 735/2 | 749/6 | US: high school | Mean 16 | Soccer and basketball | 13.6 | 43 |
| Waldén (2012)74 | Prospective cluster randomized controlled | 2472/7 | 2071/14 | Sweden: under 14 to under 18 | Mean 14 | Soccer | 15 | 60 |
| Achenbach (2017)1 |
Prospective block randomized controlled |
98/0 | 76/2 | Germany: under 16 and under 18 | Range 13–18 | Handball | 13.9 | 56 |
| Bonato (2018)10 | Prospective cluster randomized controlled | 86/0 | 74/7 | Italy: Premier National League | Mean 20 | Basketball | 64 | 128 |
| Omi (2018),52 intervention 1 | Prospective nonrandomized observation-intervention | 268/6 | 309/16 | Japan: collegiate Division 2 | Mean 19.6 | Basketball | 34.3 | 103 |
| Omi (2018),52 intervention 2 | Prospective nonrandomized observation-intervention | 180/3 | 309/16 | Japan: collegiate Division 2 | Mean 19.6 | Basketball | 34.8 | 104 |
| Foss (2018)17 | Prospective cluster randomized controlled | 259/1 | 215/2 | US: middle and high school | Mean 14 | Soccer, volleyball, and basketball | 11.32 | 44 |
a
Training time and number of sessions are displayed according to protocol and not actual compliance.