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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Acad Nutr Diet. 2019 Mar 14;119(7):1176–1187. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.01.008

Table 1 (Suggested Online-Only Table).

Foods in each food group, derived from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnairea completed by parental proxy for 355 low-income preschoolers attending Head Start

Food Groups Foods
Potatoes Potatoes; sweet potatoes or yams
French fries French fries, fried potatoes, tater tots
Soup Vegetable soup; other soup
Vegetables Corn; peas; tomatoes, tomato sauce, salsa; peppers; carrots; broccoli; green beans; spinach; mixed vegetables; squash; zucchini; cabbage, coleslaw, cauliflower; lettuce salad
Rice Rice
Legumes Beans
Fruit Banana; peaches; fruit cocktail, mixed fruit; orange or grapefruit; apple or pear; applesauce; grapes; strawberries; melon; pineapple; raisins or prunes
Juice orange juice or grapefruit juice; other juice
Cheese Cheese
Yogurt Yogurt
Milk Milk
Peanut butter and other nuts Nuts; peanut butter
Hot Cereal Hot cereal, grits
Cold Cereal Cold cereal
Bread Bread, toast, roll or pita; English muffin or bagel; biscuit; cornbread or tortilla
Salty snacks Chips; popcorn or pretzels; crackers;
Mixed dish Macaroni and cheese; pizza; spaghetti or other pasta; tacos, burritos
Processed meat Hot dogs; sausage; cold cuts; fried chicken or turkey; bacon
Non-processed meat Hamburger; other chicken or turkey; pork or ham; roast beef or steak; liver, organ meats
Fish Canned tuna; fried fish, fish sticks; other fish
Spreads with fat Mayonnaise; salad dressing; butter; margarine
Eggs Eggs
Breakfast pastries Donut; sweet roll or muffin; pancake, waffle or French toast
Sweetened dairy Hot chocolate; ice cream; pudding
Sweets Cookies or brownies; cake or cupcake; pie; chocolate or candy bar; other candy
Sugar-sweetened beverages Fruit drinks; soda, soft drink, pop (not sugar free); other juice
Diet soda Soda, soft drink, pop (sugar free)
a

Food frequency questionnaire used was the Harvard Service Food Frequency Questionnaire