Table 2:
Correlates of subfertility among women attending the safer conception cohort (n=182)
| Univariate | Multi variable | Weight Adjusted MuInvariable | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% Cl) | p-Value | RR (95%CI) | p-Value | RR (95%CI) | p-Value | |
| Individual & Partnership Characteristics | ||||||
| Female Age | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | <0.01 | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | <0.01 | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | <0.01 |
| Employment status | ||||||
| Unemployed | REF | |||||
| Employed | 0.95 (0.75–1.19) | 0.646 | ||||
| Age difference between partners | ||||||
| <5 years | REF | REF | REF | |||
| > 5 years | 0.81 (0.65–1.02) | 0.072 | 0.86 (0.70–1.05) | 0.149 | 0.87 (0.71–1.07) | 0.177 |
| Length of Relationship with Current partner | ||||||
| 0–2 years | REF | |||||
| 2 or more years | 1.06 (0.82–1.39) | 0.652 | ||||
| Clinical & Behavioral Characteristics | ||||||
| Female HIV status and HAART use | ||||||
| HIV- | REF | REF | REF | |||
| HIV+, no HAART | 2.01 (1.16–3.47) | 0.012 | 2.00 (1.21–3.28) | <0.01 | 2.00 (1.19–3.34) | <0.01 |
| HIV+, HAART 0–2 years | 1.63 (0.94–2.82) | 0.080 | 1.76 (1.08–2.87) | 0.024 | 1.89 (1.14–3.10) | 0.013 |
| HIV+, HAART 2+ years | 1.72 (1.00–2.93) | 0.048 | 1.62 (0.99–2.65) | 0.056 | 1.63 (0.98–2.69) | 0.058 |
| Male partner HIV status | ||||||
| HIV- | REF | REF | REF | |||
| HIV+ | 1.11 (0.86–1.44) | 0.417 | 1.33 (1.04–1.71) | 0.025 | 1.31 (1.02–1.68) | 0.035 |
| Unknown | 1.36 (0.93–1.99) | 0.115 | 1.32 (0.87–2.00) | 0.189 | 1.34 (0.91–1.98) | 0.134 |
| Weight in kg | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.903 | ||||
| Current or History of STI | ||||||
| No | REF | |||||
| Yes | 1.04 (0.65–1.67) | 0.875 | ||||
| Partner Smoker | ||||||
| No | REF | REF | REF | |||
| Yes | 1.27 (1.03–1.57) | 0.028 | 1.31 (1.05–1.63) | 0.015 | 1.29 (1.05–1.60) | 0.017 |
| Any alcohol consumption by partner | ||||||
| No | REF | |||||
| Yes | 1.03 (0.81–1.30) | 0.827 | ||||
| History of TB | ||||||
| No | REF | |||||
| Yes | 1.07 (0.80–1.41) | 0.656 | ||||
| Partner reported erectile dysfunction | ||||||
| No | REF | |||||
| Yes | 0.68 (0.42–1.09) | 0.109 | ||||
| Condomless sex acts per month | 1.01 (0.97–1.06) | 0.542 | ||||
| Accompanied by partner in clinic | ||||||
| Unaccompanied | REF | |||||
| Accompanied | 0.95 (0.76–1.18) | 0.621 | ||||
| Reproductive History | ||||||
| Number of live births | ||||||
| Zero | REF | REF | REF | |||
| One | 0.82 (0.65–1.03) | 0.085 | 0.96 (0.77–1.21) | 0.736 | 0.98 (0.77–1.24) | 0.861 |
| Two or more | 0.67 (0.51–0.90) | <0.01 | 0.80 (0.60–1.07) | 0.133 | 0.77 (0.57–1.03) | 0.079 |
| Previously been pregnant with current partner | ||||||
| No | REF | REF | REF | |||
| Yes | 0.80 (0.63–1.02) | 0.072 | 0.92 (0.72–1.16) | 0.472 | 0.91 (0.72–1.15) | 0.431 |
| a Reported history of abortion | ||||||
| No | REF | |||||
| Yes | 1.14 (0.79–1.63) | 0.484 | ||||
| a History of miscarriage | ||||||
| No | REF | |||||
| Yes | 1.11 (0.85–1.45) | 0.447 | ||||
| Age at Menarche | 0.97 (0.92–1.03) | 0.356 | ||||
| Flow days in Menstrual Cycle | 1.02 (0.97–1.07) | 0.448 | ||||
| Missed or irregular period in the past three months | ||||||
| No | REF | REF | REF | |||
| Yes | 1.10 (0.86–1.42) | 0.447 | 1.20 (0.92–1.56) | 0.182 | 1.17 (0.90–1.51) | 0.240 |
| Tried to conceive for at least one year and failed | ||||||
| No | REF | REF | REF | |||
| Yes | 1.49 (1.22–1.82) | <0.001 | 1.42 (1.17–1.73) | <0.01 | 1.38 (1.13–1.68) | <0.01 |
HAART: highly active antiretroviral therapy, STI: sexually transmitted infection, TB: Turberculosis
Models estimated using robust Poisson regression. Weight adjusted multivariable models apply inverse probability weighting.
a
Among clients who have history of previous pregnancy (n=145)