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. 2019 Jun 19;10:769. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00769

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Copyright © 2019 Alcazar, Csapo, Ara and Alegre.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Molecular mechanisms accounting for the double-hyperbolic shape of the F-V relationship. Data were obtained from Figure 4 in Piazzesi et al. (2007) using specialized software (ImageJ 1.51q8, NIH, United States). In this modified version: (A) Cross-bridge kinetics (detachment – solid line – and attachment – dashed line – rate constants) are presented as a function of velocity. (B) The number of attached motors (solid line) varies with velocity, following a nearly hyperbolic shape, while the average force per attached motor (discontinuous line) decreases below a certain velocity threshold. These events explain the deviation from the rectangular hyperbola in the high-force/low-velocity region of the force-velocity relationship (shaded area).