TABLE 1.
Source of isolate and resistance rating |
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Antimicrobial resistance profiles |
Human cases |
Broiler products |
Dairy cattle |
Wild birds |
All tested sources |
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N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |
CIP+AXO | 34 | 33.7 | 27 | 27.6 | 4 | 9.7 | 31 | 30.7 | 96 | 28.1 |
TET+CIP+AXO | 8 | 7.9 | 42 | 42.9 | 33 | 80.5 | 8 | 7.9 | 91 | 26.7 |
CIP | 33 | 32.7 | 7 | 7.1 | – | – | 48 | 47.5 | 88 | 25.8 |
TET+CIP | 12 | 11.9 | 21 | 21.4 | – | – | – | – | 33 | 9.7 |
AXO | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4.9 | 7 | 6.9 | 15 | 4.4 |
TET+AXO | – | – | – | – | 2 | 4.9 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0.9 |
TET+CIP+ERY | 1 | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 0.3 |
CIP+AXO+ERY | 1 | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 0.3 |
CIP+ERY | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.3 |
TET | 1 | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 0.3 |
Total resistance | 95 | 94.2 | 98 | 100 | 41 | 100 | 96 | 95 | 330 | 96.8 |
Sensitive | 6 | 5.8 | 5 | 5 | 11 | 3.2 |
TET, tetracycline; ERY, erythromycin; CIP, ciprofloxacin; GEN, gentamicin; AXO, ceftriaxone.