Table 2.

Between-group differences between baseline and after intervention for physiological outcomes.

Variable	Exercise		Control		Covariance analysis difference between groups
	Baseline	Post	Baseline	Post	Mean (95%-CI)	P value
Pulmonary function
FEV1, L	2.2 ± 0.7	2.0 ± 0.6	2.6 ± 0.7	2.6 ± 0.6	0.31 (−0.07 to 0.70)	0.101
FEV1, % of Predicted	86.4 ± 26.8	80.1 ± 25.0	97.1 ± 24.2	100.0 ± 0.6	11.59 (−3.13 to 26.32)	0.110
Physiological measurements
$\dot{\text{V}}{\text{O}}_{2\text{peak}}$, ml O2/min	1.33 ± 0.46	1.25 ± 0.30	1.68 ± 0.27	1.65 ± 0.27	0.21 (−0.08 to 0.51)	0.142
$\dot{\text{V}}{\text{O}}_{2\text{peak}}$, ml O2/kg/min	19.5 ± 3.6	18.7 ± 2.8	24.5 ± 5.2	23.8 ± 6.6	1.26 (−3.68 to 6.20)	0.583
iPPO, W	90 ± 29	93 ± 21	130 ± 35	132 ± 36	7.10 (−14.62 to 28.83)	0.478
6MWD, m	437 ± 126	470 ± 82	574 ± 89	577 ± 67	18.41 (−15.51 to 52.34)	2.543
Systolic BP, mmHg	138 ± 21	134 ± 28	130 ± 18	127 ± 17	−0.84 (−23.48 to 21.80)	0.936
Diastolic BP, mmHg	85 ± 16	83 ± 9	83 ± 6.6	80 ± 6	−2.61 (−11.84 to 6.62)	0.543
HRmax, beats/min	153 ± 18	154 ± 20	153 ± 18	157 ± 12	2.52 (−15.49 to 20.52)	0.759
HRrest, beats/min	91 ± 17	90 ± 20	72 ± 10	74 ± 15	0.65 (−12.30 to 18.96)	0.646

Data are presented as mean ± SD. In data for HR_max only 7 patients are included in EXE. FEV₁: forced expired volume in 1 s; $\dot{\text{V}}{\text{O}}_{2\text{peak}}$: maximal oxygen uptake; iPPO: incremental peak power output; 6MWD: 6 min walk distance; HR: heart rate; CI: confidence interval.