Table 2.
Echocardiographic characteristics according to the severity of aortic stenosis
| Variables | Mild AS | Moderate AS | Severe AS | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 125) | (n = 233) | (n = 272) | ||
| Echocardiography | ||||
| Heart rate (bpm) | 72 ± 15 | 73 ± 13 | 74 ± 14 | 0.231 |
| LV mass index (g/m2) | 113.1 ± 25.5 | 114.0 ± 30.0 | 137.5 ± 39.8*,† | <0.001 |
| LV EDVI (mL/m2) | 50.8 ± 14.9 | 51.6 ± 14.8 | 60.0 ± 25.3*,† | <0.001 |
| LV ESVI (mL/m2) | 20.6 ± 8.0 | 21.3 ± 8.9 | 29.6 ± 21.6*,† | <0.001 |
| LVEF (%) | 60.0 ± 6.0 | 59.4 ± 7.8 | 54.5 ± 12.7*,† | <0.001 |
| LVEF <55% (%) | 22.8 | 26.8 | 38.6 | <0.001 |
| Stroke volume index (mL/m2) | 47.0 ± 13.0‡ | 46.0 ± 11.0‡ | 38.7 ± 10.2*,† | <0.001 |
| Transmitral E/A ratio | 0.90 ± 0.43 | 0.89 ± 0.32 | 1.04 ± 0.74 | 0.007 |
| Pulmonary S/D ratio | 1.45 ± 0.42 | 1.46 ± 0.42 | 1.36 ± 0.48 | 0.038 |
| E/E′ | 12.0 (9.7–16.6) | 13.0 (10.4–17.1) | 17.4 (12.4–24.7) | <0.001 |
| Peak aortic valve jet velocity (m/s) | 2.3 ± 0.4†,‡ | 3.1 ± 0.7*,‡ | 4.0 ± 0.8*,† | <0.001 |
| Mean aortic valve gradient (mmHg) | 12.8 ± 5.3†,‡ | 24.4 ± 11.6*,‡ | 42.0 ± 17.2*,† | <0.001 |
| Aortic valve area (cm2) | 1.69 ± 0.23†,‡ | 1.18 ± 0.16*,‡ | 0.72 ± 0.16*,† | <0.001 |
| Mechanical dispersion (ms) | 54.5 ± 17.2†,‡ | 56.7 ± 19.3*,‡ | 70.9 ± 24.3*,† | <0.001 |
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range) or percentages.
P-value by ANOVA with Bonferroni-correction (*P < 0.05 vs. mild AS, †P < 0.05 vs. moderate AS, ‡P < 0.05 vs. severe AS).
AS, aortic stenosis; EDVI, end-diastolic volume index; EF, ejection fraction; ESVI, end-systolic volume index; LV, left ventricular.