Table 1.
Results of AKR1B10 in Differentiating HCC or Early‐Stage HCC From All Controls (HCs + BLTs + CHB + LC) or High‐Risk Controls (CHB + LC)
| Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | Positive LR | Negative LR | AUC (95% CI) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Training Cohort | ||||||||
| HCC vs. HC + BLT + CHB + LC | ||||||||
| AKR1B10 | 72.7 | 95.7 | 91.6 | 84.4 | 16.78 | 0.29 | 0.896 (0.867‐0.921) | 0.0003* |
| AFP | 65.1 | 88.9 | 79.1 | 79.7 | 5.84 | 0.39 | 0.816 (0.781‐0.848) | <0.0001† |
| AKR1B10 + AFP | 84.2 | 90.1 | 84.6 | 89.8 | 8.50 | 0.18 | 0.937 (0.913‐0.956) | 0.0001‡ |
| HCC vs. CHB + LC | ||||||||
| AKR1B10 | 72.7 | 85.7 | 94.6 | 48.6 | 5.09 | 0.32 | 0.834 (0.785‐0.876) | <0.0001* |
| AFP | 55.0 | 81.0 | 90.6 | 35.2 | 2.89 | 0.56 | 0.712 (0.654‐0.765) | <0.0001† |
| AKR1B10 + AFP | 77.0 | 85.7 | 94.7 | 52.9 | 5.39 | 0.27 | 0.877 (0.832‐0.913) | 0.0002‡ |
| Early‐stage HCC vs. HC + BLT + CHB + LC | ||||||||
| AKR1B10 | 64.6 | 92.3 | 67.1 | 91.4 | 8.34 | 0.38 | 0.831 (0.790‐0.866) | 0.0102* |
| AFP | 59.5 | 77.7 | 39.5 | 88.7 | 2.67 | 0.52 | 0.719 (0.672‐0.762) | <0.0001† |
| AKR1B10 + AFP | 84.8 | 79.3 | 50.0 | 95.5 | 4.09 | 0.19 | 0.885 (0.850‐0.915) | 0.0090‡ |
| Early‐stage HCC vs. CHB + LC | ||||||||
| AKR1B10 | 60.8 | 85.7 | 84.2 | 63.5 | 4.25 | 0.46 | 0.751 (0.672‐0.820) | 0.0009* |
| AFP | 32.9 | 87.3 | 76.5 | 50.9 | 2.59 | 0.77 | 0.595 (0.510‐0.677) | <0.0001† |
| AKR1B10 + AFP | 62.0 | 87.3 | 86.0 | 64.7 | 4.88 | 0.43 | 0.802 (0.727‐0.864) | 0.0140‡ |
| Validation Cohort | ||||||||
| HCC vs. HC + BLT + CHB + LC | ||||||||
| AKR1B10 | 72.1 | 90.7 | 83.1 | 83.6 | 7.71 | 0.31 | 0.840 (0.806‐0.871) | 0.0375* |
| AFP | 67.6 | 80.7 | 69.0 | 79.8 | 3.51 | 0.40 | 0.789 (0.751‐0.823) | <0.0001† |
| AKR1B10 + AFP | 77.0 | 93.5 | 88.2 | 86.5 | 11.80 | 0.25 | 0.894 (0.864‐0.919) | 0.0001‡ |
| HCC vs. CHB + LC | ||||||||
| AKR1B10 | 72.1 | 90.4 | 82.6 | 83.6 | 7.48 | 0.31 | 0.840 (0.806‐0.871) | <0.0001* |
| AFP | 66.2 | 82.0 | 69.9 | 79.3 | 3.67 | 0.41 | 0.781 (0.743‐0.815) | <0.0001† |
| AKR1B10 + AFP | 76.0 | 93.2 | 87.6 | 86.0 | 11.12 | 0.26 | 0.890 (0.860‐0.916) | 0.0025‡ |
| Early‐stage HCC vs. HC + BLT + CHB + LC | ||||||||
| AKR1B10 | 60.8 | 85.7 | 84.2 | 63.5 | 4.25 | 0.46 | 0.751 (0.672‐0.820) | 0.0462* |
| AFP | 32.9 | 87.3 | 76.5 | 50.9 | 2.59 | 0.77 | 0.595 (0.510‐0.677) | 0.0398† |
| AKR1B10 + AFP | 62.0 | 87.3 | 84.10 | 93.1 | 4.88 | 0.43 | 0.802 (0.727‐0.864) | 0.1111‡ |
| Early‐stage HCC vs. CHB + LC | ||||||||
| AKR1B10 | 61.3 | 85.9 | 83.6 | 65.5 | 4.36 | 0.45 | 0.758 (0.678‐0.827) | <0.0001* |
| AFP | 60.0 | 65.6 | 67.2 | 58.3 | 1.75 | 0.61 | 0.590 (0.503‐0.673) | <0.0001† |
| AKR1B10 + AFP | 61.3 | 85.9 | 83.6 | 65.5 | 4.36 | 0.45 | 0.757 (0.677‐0.826) | 0.6722‡ |
*
AKR1B10 vs. AFP.
†
AKR1B10 + AFP vs. AFP.
‡
AKR1B10 + AFP vs. AKR1B10.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; LR, likelihood ratio; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value.