Table 2.
Comparison of patients’ characteristics and parameters of HIV infections, between multi-morbid and non multi-morbid patients. Adjusted odds ratios for risk of multi-morbidity
| Multi-morbidity N = 612 (56.3%) | No multi-morbidity N = 475 (43.7%) | aOR 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 51.7 ± 9.1 | 42.9 ± 10.7 | 1.08 (1.06–1.09) by 1 year |
| Women, N (%) | 136 (22.2%) | 152 (32.0%) | 0.81 (0.58–1.15) ref. men |
| BMI, Kg/m2, mean ± SD | 25.2 ± 4.6 | 24.0 ± 3.2 | 1.17 (1.07–1.16) by 1 point |
| Smoking, N (%) | |||
| Never | 113 (18.5%) | 204 (43.0%) | 1 |
| Current | 265 (43.3%) | 195 (41.0%) | 3.65 (2.54–5.24) |
| Former | 133 (21.7%) | 76 (16.0%) | 1.77 (1.14–2.75) |
| Risk factor for HIV acquisition IVDU | 203 (33.2%) | 37 (7.8%) | 3.19 (2.02–5.04) ref. other risk factors |
| CDC stage, N (%) | |||
| A | 229 (37.4%) | 266 (56.0%) | 1 |
| B | 177 (28.9%) | 117 (24.6%) | 1.20 (0.83–1.74) |
| C | 195 (31.9%) | 83 (17.5%) | 2.04 (1.38–3.02) |
| ART duration, years, median (IQR) | 12 (6–17) | 6 (2–11) | 1.08 (1.02–1.13) by 2 years |
| Current CD4, < 200 cells/mm3, N (%) | 42 (6.9%) | 23 (4.8%) | 1.97 (1.01–3.87) ref. ≥200 cells/mm3 |
| ART naïve, N (%) | 14 (2.3%) | 29 (6.1%) | 1.32 (0.56–3.10) ref. experienced |
| Nadir CD4, cells/mm3, median (IQR) | 170 (70–290) | 242 (105–364) | 1.00 (0.96–1.05) by 50 cells/ mm3 |
| CD4, cells/mm3, median (IQR) | 636 (434–852) | 623 (425–780) | 1.02 (0.97–1.08) by 100 cells/ mm3 |
| Current PI, N* (%) | 272 (44.4%) | 169 (35.6%) | 1.16 (0.84–1.59) ref. no PI |
| Current NNRTI, N* (%) | 238 (38.9%) | 172 (36.2%) | 1.07 (0.78–1.47) ref. no NNRTI |
| Current INSTI, N* (%) | 179 (29.2%) | 108 (22.7) | 1.22 (0.86–1.75) ref. no INSTI |
| N. of drugs in ART regimen | |||
| 0 | 27 (4.4%) | 56 (11.8%) | ref. |
| 1 | 24 (3.9%) | 40 (8.4%) | 0.72 (0.28–1.82) |
| 2 | 89 (14.5%) | 38 (8.0%) | 1.72 (0.76–3.93) |
| 3 | 447 (73.0%) | 323 (68.0%) | 1.24 (0.63–2.44) |
| >=4 | 25 (4.1%) | 18 (3.8%) | 1.33 (0.50–3.53) |
| χ2 for trend p = 0.39 | |||
| Glycemia, mg/dL, mean ± SD | 96.3 ± 25.3 | 88.8 ± 12.0 | 1.06 (1.01–1.12) by 5 mg/dL |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL, mean ± SD | 192.2 ± 42.9 | 178.3 ± 38.2 | 1.05 (1.03–1.08) by 5 mg/dL |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL, median (IQR) | 146 (98–201) | 96 (70–128) | 1.08 (1.05–1.10) by 10 mg/dL |
SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range, aOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval, BMI body mass index, IVDU past intravenous drug use, ART antiretroviral treatment; all variables are adjusted (as appropriate) for age (continuous variable), sex, BMI (continuous variable), cigarette smoking, IVDU, CDC stage, ART duration (by 2 years), current CD4 count (< 200 cells/mm3), except for naïve status, that was only adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking habit, current CD4 cells count, and current CD4 count as a continuous variable, that was adjusted for age (continuous variable), sex, BMI (continuous variable), cigarette smoking, IVDU, CDC stage, and ART duration (by 2 years)