Table 1. Professional Backgrounds of Physicians and Nonphysicians Providing Stem Cell Interventions in California, Florida, and Texas.
| Profession | Individuals, No. (%) |
|---|---|
| Physicians | |
| Doctor of medicine | 338 (55.6) |
| Doctor of osteopathy | 56 (9.2) |
| Medical degree (eg, MBBS) from non-US schools | 7 (1.2) |
| Total physicians | 401 (66.0)a |
| Nonphysicians | |
| Physician assistants | 55 (9.0) |
| Nurses | 34 (5.6) |
| Complementary and alternative medicine practitioners | 32 (5.3) |
| Podiatrists | 29 (4.8) |
| Physical therapists | 18 (3.0) |
| Otherb | 13 (2.3) |
| Scientists with a master’s degree or doctorate in philosophy | 10 (1.6) |
| Unclear qualifications | 10 (1.6) |
| Dentists | 6 (1.0) |
| Total nonphysician clinicians | 207 (34.0) |
| Total clinicians | 608 (100) |
a
Mean age of 55 years (range, 32-97 years). Mean licensed years of practice of 25 years (range, 2-61 years).
b
Includes respiratory therapists, estheticians, clinical laboratory technicians, athletic trainers, radiology practitioner assistants, and support staff.