Table 3.

Unadjusted mean ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor, retinol binding protein, C‐reactive protein, and α‐1 acid glycoprotein concentrations at baseline and 22‐month and intent‐to‐treat DID impact analysis for those indicators among enrolled nonpregnant Cambodian women (18–45 years), by treatment group

	Control	EHFP	DID	P	EHFP + F	DID	P
Serum ferritin, μg/L
Baseline	99.6 (56.6)	97.1 (52.5)	‐	‐	88.9 (62.1)	‐	‐
22 months	109.0 (68.5)	97.8 (52.1)	−11.68 (8.31)	0.161	100.1 (57.2)	−1.22 (8.08)	0.879
sTfR, mg/L
Baseline	6.9 (2.5)	6.9 (7.9)	‐	‐	7.2 (2.8)	‐	‐
22 months	6.7 (2.2)	6.7 (2.3)	0.02 (0.36)	0.958	7.3 (3.4)	0.06 (0.35)	0.867
RBP, μmol/L
Baseline	2.5 (0.7)	2.6 (0.7)	‐	‐	2.5 (0.7)	‐	‐
22 months	2.1 (0.7)	2.3 (0.9)	0.10 (0.14)	0.487	2.5 (1.0)	0.34 (0.14)	0.016
CRP, mg/L
Baseline	1.7 (3.4)	2.5 (6.3)	‐	‐	1.7 (2.8)	‐	‐
22 months	1.6 (3.1)	1.1 (1.1)	−1.34 (0.75)	0.075	1.9 (2.1)	0.20 (0.73)	0.788
AGP, g/L
Baseline	0.8 (0.3)	0.9 (0.3)	‐	‐	0.9 (0.3)	‐	‐
22 months	0.8 (0.4)	0.8 (0.2)	−0.05 (0.05)	0.255	0.8 (0.2)	−0.04 (0.05)	0.407

Note. Unadjusted baseline and 22‐month values are mean (SD). DID estimates between groups from generalized linear mixed effect models with gamma distribution and logarithmic link function for skewed data adjusted for village clusters, years of education, and household wealth index values; data are presented as mean (SE). The models of ferritin and sTfR were further adjusted by Hb EE genotype variant. Ferritin and RBP values were corrected for inflammation using AGP and CRP according to methods by Thurnham et al. (2003, 2010). Pregnant women excluded (n = 40), with n = 135, 137, and 138 in control, EHFP, and EHFP + F groups, respectively. AGP: α‐1 acid glycoprotein; CRP: C‐reactive protein; DID: difference in difference; EHFP: enhanced homestead food production (plant‐based only); EHFP + F: enhanced homestead food production (plant based) plus fishpond; RBP: retinol binding protein; SD: standard deviation; SE: standard error; sTfR: soluble transferrin receptor.