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. 2019 Feb 11;21(5):e13005. doi: 10.1111/cmi.13005

Figure 8.

Figure 8

Rigidity, volume, and permeability properties of P lasmodium knowlesi and P lasmodium falciparum ‐infected red blood cells (RBCs). (a,c) Images of the wedge‐shaped channels in the human erythrocyte microchannel analyser (HEMA) microdevice with trapped uninfected RBCs (URBCs) and P. knowlesi‐infected RBCs (Pk‐IRBCs; a) or P. falciparum (Pf‐IRBCs; c). (b,d) Mean values for volume, surface area and surface area to volume ratio for URBCs and Pk‐IRBCs (b) and Pf‐IRBCs (d). Ektacytometry profiles (0–20 Pa shear stress) for uninfected RBCs (squares) and RBCs infected with P. knowlesi (e) and P falciparum (f) trophozoites (97% 22‐ to 26‐hr and 99% 30–40‐hr postinvasion, respectively, circles). (g) The average EI ± SEM at 3 Pa (n = 3, minimum parasitemia 88%; 22–32 h and 30–40 h post invasion for P. knowlesi and P. falciparum, respectively). (h,i) RBCs infected with P. knowlesi and P. falciparum trophozoites were subjected (10 min) to increasing concentrations of sorbitol under iso‐osmotic conditions (h, n = 3) or buffers with different osmolarities (i, n = 4 and 3, respectively). Survival was measured by flow cytometry following Syto61‐labelling. Error bars indicate standard error of the mean (s.e.m.)