Figure 3.

Phantom simulation study to assess the accuracy of both $B_1^{+}$ and ε_r, which were obtained with the EM simulation (“input,” first row), AFI (second row), BS (third row), and DREAM (fourth row). No noise was added. A, $B_1^{+}$ maps. Values for the $B_1^{+}$ maps were normalized to the average value in the central slice. B, Map of the error in $B_1^{+}$ (B ⁺ _1,sequence – B ⁺ _1,input ). C, Permittivity maps, which were reconstructed from the maps shown in (A) and the simulated transceive phase. D, Map of the error in ε_r (ε_r,sequence – ε_r,input ). Note that the input permittivity (ε_r,input) accounts for the transceive phase assumption and is therefore the best permittivity that can be obtained with this EPT reconstruction method