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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jun 26.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Rep. 2019 Feb 12;26(7):1893–1905.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.01.076

Figure 1. Discovery of Mutually Exclusive Populations of Tumor-Initiating Cells in GBM.

Figure 1.

(A) Heatmap depicting PN (top) and MES (bottom) gene expression in different GBM regions. See also Figure S1A.

(B) Magnetic resonance imaging of the macroscopic tumor (left) and H&E staining (right; scale bar, 120 μm) of GBM tissue. The tumor contains 3 areas: a central core (1), an enhancing periphery (2), and an invading edge (3).

(C) qPCR analysis for genes in the central core (blue) or edge (orange).

(D) IHC for CD109 (brown) and OLIG2 (red). Scale bars, 60 μm (top) and 20 μm (bottom).

(E) Flow cytometry staining of CD109 in freshly dissociated tumor cells (left). qPCR analysis for genes in sorted CD109− cells (blue) and CD109+ cells (red; right). **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001.

(F) qPCR analysis of CD133 expression in a freshly dissociated xenograft derived from a patient sample (GBM1066). ****p < 0.0001.

(G) Lineage hierarchy in sorting of CD109+ and CD109−/low populations from MES GSC83 cells.

(H) Western blot analysis of CD109 and ALDH1A3 in CD109+ and CD109−/low cells.

(I) Table showing number of mice bearing tumors injected with either CD109+ or CD109−/low sorted cells using freshly dissociated cells from patients GBM1020 or GBM1010 or from MES GSC83.

(J) H&E staining of xenograft tumors derived from CD109+ (left) and CD109−/low (right) cells at 2 different magnifications.