Table 3.

Contingency analyses to identify effect of patient state and trait variables on responses evoked by 5 Hz EFS in the ascending colon (n=109)

Variables	Muscle relaxation		P value
	No (n=49)	Yes (n=60)
Medications
Regular laxative use	3 (6.1%)	6 (10.0%)	0.51
Opiates	7 (14.3%)	8 (13.3%)	0.89*
NSAIDs	11 (22.4%)	13 (21.7%)	0.92*
Anticholinergic drugs†	5 (10.2%)*	11 (18.3%)	0.28
Calcium channel blocker	8 (16.3%)	13 (21.7%)	0.48*
Diuretics	13 (26.5%)	13 (21.7%)	0.55*
Beta blocker	9 (18.4%)	11 (18.3%)	1.00*
Anti-arrhythmics	0	1 (1.7%)	1.00
Inhalers	1 (2.0%)	8 (13.3%)	0.04
5-alpha reductase inhibitor	3 (6.1%)	0	0.09
Cation-containing agents	11 (22.4%)	16 (26.7%)	0.61*
Bisphosphonates	2 (4.1%)	4 (6.7%)	0.69
Anticonvulsants	0	1 (1.7%)	1.00
Alpha blockers‡	10 (20.4%)	2 (3.3%)	0.01
Medical history
Diverticular disease	1 (2.0%)	5 (8.3%)	0.22
Previous abdominal or pelvic surgery	12 (24.5%)	14 (23.3%)	0.89*
Conditions affecting central nervous system	7 (14.3%)	10 (16.7%)	0.73*
Psychiatric conditions	6 (12.2%)	4 (6.7%)	0.34
Diabetes mellitus	10 (20.4%)	9 (15.0%)	0.46*
Any thyroid conditions	2 (4.1%)	5 (8.3%)	0.46
Cardiovascular conditions	12 (24.5%)	14 (23.3%)	0.89*

The table shows the numbers of patients (with percentage of total) with each factor.

*Contingency comparisons are shown using Fisher’s exact test or χ² test (due to multiple comparisons, p≤0.01 considered statistically significant).

†Medications from different category but with similar action on certain receptor type.

‡Includes those used for cardiovascular and urinary indications.

EFS, electrical field stimulation; NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.