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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Perspect Psychol Sci. 2019 Feb 1;14(3):481–496. doi: 10.1177/1745691618804166

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Predictions of the mindset-related meaning system for challenge seeking and performance and evidence for the predictions from a nationally representative sample of U.S. public high school students. Paths are zero-order correlations, not paths estimated simultaneously in a structural equation model. These paths are meant to illustrate the unadjusted strength of association and the conceptual framework and do not represent estimates of causal effects. All correlations are significant at p < .001. Data come from the National Study of Learning Mindsets (Yeager, Hanselman, et al., 2018), which involved a representative sample of 9th-grade students in U.S. public schools surveyed in the fall of 2015 and followed until 2016. Max N = 14,530. Exact items and sample sizes are reported in the Supplemental Material available online. The data were collected using systems and processes developed by the Project for Education Research That Scales (PERTS; http://www.perts.net, PI: David Paunesku).