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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jun 26.
Published in final edited form as: Glob Environ Change. 2016 Oct 7;41:111–123. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.09.006

Table 2.

Odds ratios from logistic regression models predicting the effects of early childhood climate on completion of at least one grade and on school attendance

Completed at least one grade Attends school


Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4


Climate variables
 Spring temperatures 0.58* 0.56 0.79 1.11
 Spring precipitation 1.23 1.34 0.87 0.92
 Summer temperatures 0.45** 0.45** 0.73 0.81
 Summer precipitation 1.44* 1.66+ 1.90* 2.12**
 Winter temperatures 1.86* 1.74+ 1.23 0.83
 Winter precipitation 0.90 0.77 1.14 0.91
Individual controls
 Child of household head 0.83 0.83 0.78 0.77
 13 years old [12 years old is baseline] 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.01
 14 years old 0.94 0.93 0.99 0.99
 15 years old 1.08 1.08 0.89 0.88
 16 years old 0.97 0.97 0.72* 0.73*
 Female 0.51* 0.49* 0.61* 0.58+
Household controls
 Number of children aged 0–6 0.99 0.99 0.93 0.93
 Number of children aged 7–18 1.03 1.03 1.09* 1.09*
 Age of household head 0.99+ 0.99+ 0.99* 0.99*
 Household head has any formal schooling 2.01*** 2.00*** 1.76*** 1.76***
 Female-headed household 0.80 0.80 0.68* 0.68*
 Ln (land area + 1) 1.42 1.43 1.35 1.37+
Interactions
 Female X spring temperatures 1.10 0.51
 Female X spring precipitation 0.84 0.88
 Female X summer temperatures 0.98 0.79
 Female X summer precipitation 0.74 0.79
 Female X winter temperatures 1.17 2.28+
 Female X winter precipitation 1.38 1.63
Joint tests
 Climate variables 31.09*** 39.24*** 24.83*** 28.40***
 Interactions 2.78 12.94*
 Community fixed-effects 300000.00*** 39206.92*** 16759.97*** 18543.28***
 Survey year fixed-effects 95.37*** 88.79*** 53.50*** 48.88***
Constant 22.18*** 22.39*** 11.21*** 11.40***
N individuals 3336 3336
+

p < 0.1;

*

p < 0.05;

**

p < 0.01;

***

p < 0.001