Predictors of persistent opioid use in a pooled cohort of naïve and intermittent users
| Variable | Hazard ratio | 95% Hazard ratio confidence limits | P-valuesa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression | 1.115 | 1.004 | 1.238 | 0.09 |
| Anxiety | 1.124 | 1.025 | 1.232 | 0.03 |
| Substance abuse | 1.251 | 1.134 | 1.379 | 0.02 |
| Hemiplegia | 1.598 | 1.111 | 2.297 | 0.03 |
| Intermittent vs naïve | 1.511 | 1.402 | 1.628 | 0.02 |
| Indeterminate vs ulcerative colitis | 1.442 | 1.263 | 1.646 | 0.02 |
| Crohn’s vs ulcerative colitis | 1.190 | 1.097 | 1.292 | 0.02 |
| DM, non-complicated | 1.138 | 1.017 | 1.275 | 0.06 |
| Rheumatological disease | 1.167 | 1.015 | 1.341 | 0.07 |
| 5-ASA | 0.914 | 0.844 | 0.989 | 0.06 |
| Subsequent flaresb | 4.115 | 3.174 | 5.334 | 0.02 |
| Other mental disorders | 1.125 | 0.992 | 1.276 | 0.12 |
| CHF | 1.175 | 0.987 | 1.400 | 0.12 |
| Females | 1.069 | 0.993 | 1.152 | 0.13 |
| Biologics use | 1.166 | 0.981 | 1.385 | 0.13 |
| COPD | 1.041 | 0.954 | 1.136 | 0.43 |
| MI | 1.013 | 0.783 | 1.309 | 0.94 |
| Immunomodulators use | 1.005 | 0.854 | 1.183 | 0.95 |
UC, ulcerative colitis; 5-ASA, 5-Acetylsalicylic acid.
a
Subsequent flares were adjusted for as a time varying covariate in the survival model.
b
False discovery rate (FDR) adjusted P-value.