Fig. 3.

Transplantation of CD11b/LIF transgenic BMCs into mdx mice reduces inflammation in dystrophic muscle. a QPCR analysis shows that the transplantation of CD11b/LIF transgenic BMCs into mdx recipients (LIF BMT/mdx) reduced expression of transcripts associated with M2-biased macrophages (Cd163, Cd206, and Arg2), Th2 cytokines (Il4 and Il10), and increased expression of the negative regulator of cytokine signaling (Socs3) compared to WT BMT mdx recipients (WT BMT/mdx) 4 months post-transplantation. N = 7 or 8 for WT BMT/mdx and LIF BMT/mdx data sets, respectively, except n = 7 for LIF BMT/mdx Arg1 data set. * Indicates significantly different from WT BMT/mdx recipients at P < 0.05. F-test Ifng (P = 0.0145), Il6 (P < 0.0001), Il4 (P = 0.0015), Il10 (P < 0.0001), and Socs3 (P = 0.0061). For all histograms in the figure, the bars indicate mean ± sem. b–j Cross-sections of TA muscles from WT BMT/mdx (c, f, i) or LIF BMT/mdx (d, g, j) mice were immunolabeled with antibodies to F4/80 (c, d), CD163 (f, g), and CD206 (i, j). Bars = 50 μm. The numbers of F4/80+ (b), CD163+ (e), and CD206+ (h) cells normalized to muscle volume were reduced in LIF BMT/mdx recipients. Similarly, cross-sections were immunolabeled with antibodies to CD4 and Ly-6B.2 (neutrophils) to test for changes in the concentrations of other populations of immune cells. There was no change in the concentrations of CD4+ (k) and Ly-6B.2+ (l) cells. N = 5 for each data set, except n = 4 for CD206 LIF BMT/mdx data set. * Indicates significantly different from WT BMT/mdx recipients at P < 0.05. All P-values based on two-tailed t-test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file