Table 4.
The metabolic profile in asymptomatic subjects before and after intervention.
| TC (mmol/L) | LDL (mmol/L) | HDL (mmol/L) | TAG (mmol/L) | Glucose (mmol/L) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Royal jelly | Placebo | Royal jelly | Placebo | Royal jelly | Placebo | Royal jelly | Placebo | Royal jelly | |
| Initial | 5.60±1.11 | 5.65±1.74 | 3.99±1.04 | 3.72±1.44 | 1.55±0.25 | 1.83±0.51 | 1.38±0.28 | 1.09±0.45 | 5.66±0.42 | 5.53±0.78 |
| Week 4 | 5.57±1.07 | 5.38±1.08a, b | 3.92±0.97 | 3.59±1.03 | 1.50±0.29 | 1.80±0.44 | 1.31±0.28 | 0.99±0.47b | 5.83±0.28 | 5.32±0.54 |
| Week 8 | 5.58±0.81 | 5.27±1.29a, b | 3.92±0.76 | 3.55±1.23 | 1.47±0.28 | 1.77±0.42 | 1.39±0.44 | 1.01±0.50 | 5.60±0.48 | 5.22±0.55b |
| F/U | 5.56±1.02 | 5.21±1.70a, b | 4.05±1.24 | 3.49±1.07a, b | 1.42±0.29 | 1.75±0.39 | 1.40±0.38 | 1.02±0.67 | 5.58±0.56 | 5.25±0.56 |
Abbreviations. F/U: follow-up; HDL: high density lipoproteins; LDL: low density lipoproteins; TAG: triacylglycerols; TC: total cholesterol.
Values are expressed as means ± SD.
a p-value denotes significant (p<0.05) difference between the change from baseline on royal jelly vs. placebo.
b p-value denotes significant (p<0.05) difference as compared with the initial within group using a paired t-test.