Table 2.
Prognostic Factors | PGC group (N=4,716) | DGC group (N=7,228) | PGC versus DGC | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR | 95% CI | P Value | HR | 95% CI | P Value | HR | 95% CI | P Value | ||||
Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | |||||||
Age (years) | ||||||||||||
Younger (≤35) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2.20 | 1.50 | 3.22 | <0.001 | ||||||
Middle-aged (36-65) | 0.47 | 0.33 | 0.65 | <0.001 | 0.94 | 0.77 | 1.14 | 0.52 | 1.12 | 1.03 | 1.21 | 0.008 |
Older (≥66) | 0.51 | 0.37 | 0.72 | <0.001 | 1.01 | 0.82 | 1.24 | 0.92 | 1.14 | 1.01 | 1.28 | 0.028 |
Gender | ||||||||||||
Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.16 | 1.08 | 1.25 | <0.001 | ||||||
Female | 1.04 | 0.91 | 1.19 | 0.55 | 1.07 | 0.98 | 1.17 | 0.12 | 1.13 | 0.98 | 1.30 | 0.097 |
Smoking status | ||||||||||||
Never smoker | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.08 | 0.99 | 1.18 | 0.074 | ||||||
Smokers | 1.00 | 0.91 | 1.10 | 0.98 | 0.85 | 0.78 | 0.93 | <0.001 | 1.27 | 1.15 | 1.41 | <0.001 |
Current smokers | 1.03 | 0.92 | 1.14 | 0.63 | 0.89 | 0.81 | 0.99 | 0.023 | 1.25 | 1.11 | 1.40 | <0.001 |
Ex-smokers | 0.94 | 0.82 | 1.09 | 0.41 | 0.72 | 0.60 | 0.86 | <0.001 | 1.39 | 1.13 | 1.71 | 0.002 |
Alcohol consumption | ||||||||||||
Never drinkers | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.11 | 1.03 | 1.21 | 0.009 | ||||||
Drinkers | 0.95 | 0.86 | 1.05 | 0.35 | 0.85 | 0.77 | 0.94 | 0.001 | 1.24 | 1.11 | 1.39 | <0.001 |
Current drinkers | 0.97 | 0.87 | 1.07 | 0.55 | 0.90 | 0.82 | 1.00 | 0.048 | 1.19 | 1.06 | 1.34 | 0.004 |
Ex-drinkers | 0.82 | 0.62 | 1.07 | 0.14 | 0.58 | 0.45 | 0.74 | <0.001 | 1.55 | 1.08 | 2.23 | 0.017 |
BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||||||||
<18.5 | 1.24 | 1.02 | 1.51 | 0.033 | 1.12 | 0.96 | 1.32 | 0.16 | 1.33 | 1.06 | 1.68 | 0.016 |
18.5-22.9 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.21 | 1.09 | 1.34 | <0.001 | ||||||
23-27.4 | 0.73 | 0.65 | 0.82 | <0.001 | 0.82 | 0.75 | 0.91 | <0.001 | 1.07 | 0.96 | 1.19 | 0.22 |
≥27.5 | 0.79 | 0.67 | 0.92 | 0.0024 | 0.73 | 0.63 | 0.85 | <0.001 | 1.30 | 1.08 | 1.57 | 0.006 |
H. pylori | ||||||||||||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.55 | 1.09 | 2.21 | 0.016 | ||||||
Yes | 1.45 | 1.01 | 2.08 | 0.044 | 1.71 | 1.25 | 2.33 | 0.001 | 1.31 | 0.95 | 1.81 | 0.095 |
Unknown | 2.36 | 1.80 | 3.09 | <0.001 | 3.31 | 2.60 | 4.21 | <0.001 | 1.10 | 1.03 | 1.18 | 0.005 |
Pathologic T stage | ||||||||||||
T0+Tis | 3.28 | 0.79 | 13.58 | 0.10 | 2.58 | 0.94 | 7.08 | 0.066 | 2.46 | 0.45 | 13.53 | 0.30 |
T1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2.07 | 1.39 | 3.10 | <0.001 | ||||||
T2 | 1.58 | 1.02 | 2.45 | 0.041 | 3.26 | 2.38 | 4.46 | <0.001 | 0.96 | 0.67 | 1.38 | 0.84 |
T3 | 3.86 | 2.77 | 5.38 | <0.001 | 8.32 | 6.39 | 10.83 | <0.001 | 0.92 | 0.80 | 1.06 | 0.26 |
T4 | 6.69 | 4.83 | 9.28 | <0.001 | 12.61 | 9.81 | 16.21 | <0.001 | 1.05 | 0.95 | 1.15 | 0.37 |
TX | 11.12 | 7.99 | 15.48 | <0.001 | 27.37 | 21.21 | 35.31 | <0.001 | 0.81 | 0.72 | 0.92 | <0.001 |
Pathologic N stage | ||||||||||||
N0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.65 | 1.35 | 2.02 | <0.001 | ||||||
N1 | 1.91 | 1.56 | 2.36 | <0.001 | 2.39 | 1.96 | 2.90 | <0.001 | 1.31 | 1.07 | 1.60 | <0.001 |
N2 | 2.84 | 2.34 | 3.44 | <0.001 | 3.89 | 3.26 | 4.65 | <0.001 | 1.20 | 1.01 | 1.41 | 0.034 |
N3 | 5.00 | 4.20 | 5.95 | <0.001 | 8.42 | 7.21 | 9.83 | <0.001 | 0.97 | 0.86 | 1.08 | 0.56 |
NX | 6.56 | 5.51 | 7.81 | <0.001 | 12.60 | 10.79 | 14.73 | <0.001 | 0.85 | 0.76 | 0.96 | 0.007 |
Pathologic M stage | ||||||||||||
M0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.28 | 1.18 | 1.38 | <0.001 | ||||||
M1 | 4.96 | 4.33 | 5.68 | <0.001 | 7.45 | 6.73 | 8.25 | <0.001 | 0.85 | 0.73 | 0.98 | 0.027 |
pTNM | ||||||||||||
0 | 4.06 | 0.99 | 16.71 | 0.052 | 2.25 | 0.71 | 7.14 | 0.17 | 3.16 | 0.53 | 19.05 | 0.21 |
I | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2.04 | 1.42 | 2.94 | <0.001 | ||||||
II | 2.26 | 1.63 | 3.15 | <0.001 | 4.43 | 3.35 | 5.86 | <0.001 | 1.03 | 0.81 | 1.29 | 0.84 |
III | 6.39 | 4.79 | 8.52 | <0.001 | 12.28 | 9.64 | 15.64 | <0.001 | 1.03 | 0.94 | 1.12 | 0.58 |
IV | 23.33 | 17.19 | 31.68 | <0.001 | 54.77 | 42.63 | 70.38 | <0.001 | 0.85 | 0.73 | 0.98 | 0.027 |
Lauren classification | ||||||||||||
Intestinal | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.68 | 1.31 | 2.15 | <0.001 | ||||||
Diffuse | 1.93 | 1.54 | 2.42 | <0.001 | 2.09 | 1.66 | 2.62 | <0.001 | 1.54 | 1.25 | 1.90 | <0.001 |
Mixed | 1.54 | 1.22 | 1.94 | 0.0003 | 1.37 | 1.04 | 1.81 | 0.024 | 1.88 | 1.45 | 2.46 | <0.001 |
Unknown | 2.76 | 2.35 | 3.24 | <0.001 | 4.45 | 3.64 | 5.44 | <0.001 | 1.05 | 0.97 | 1.13 | 0.22 |
Stage | ||||||||||||
Early stage | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2.09 | 1.31 | 3.32 | 0.002 | ||||||
LAGC | 5.29 | 3.65 | 7.65 | <0.001 | 9.18 | 7.24 | 13.04 | <0.001 | 1.09 | 1.01 | 1.19 | 0.032 |
Distant | 25.33 | 17.25 | 37.20 | <0.001 | 60.25 | 44.52 | 81.52 | <0.001 | 0.85 | 0.73 | 0.98 | 0.027 |
Type of gastrectomy | ||||||||||||
Gastrectomy | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.24 | 1.15 | 1.34 | <0.001 | ||||||
No surgery | 3.01 | 2.71 | 3.35 | <0.001 | 4.47 | 4.08 | 4.88 | <0.001 | 0.84 | 0.74 | 0.94 | 0.002 |
Surgical Margin | ||||||||||||
Negative | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.27 | 1.17 | 1.38 | <0.001 | ||||||
Positive on the proximal margin | 1.96 | 1.34 | 2.87 | 0.0006 | 2.98 | 2.07 | 4.28 | <0.001 | 0.81 | 0.48 | 1.37 | 0.43 |
Positive on the distal margin | 2.49 | 1.63 | 3.79 | <0.001 | 2.56 | 1.85 | 3.53 | <0.001 | 1.25 | 0.74 | 2.12 | 0.40 |
Positive on the proximal and distal margin | 1.08 | 0.27 | 4.34 | 0.91 | 2.57 | 1.33 | 4.95 | 0.005 | 0.60 | 0.13 | 2.80 | 0.51 |
HER2 score | ||||||||||||
0 (-) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.45 | 1.22 | 1.73 | <0.001 | ||||||
1 (+) | 0.70 | 0.57 | 0.86 | 0.001 | 0.85 | 0.72 | 1.02 | 0.073 | 1.19 | 0.98 | 1.46 | 0.083 |
2 (++) | 0.69 | 0.53 | 0.89 | 0.005 | 0.66 | 0.51 | 0.85 | 0.002 | 1.54 | 1.11 | 2.12 | 0.01 |
3 (+++) | 0.94 | 0.71 | 1.26 | 0.68 | 0.99 | 0.72 | 1.38 | 0.96 | 1.38 | 0.93 | 2.07 | 0.11 |
Unknown | 1.72 | 1.49 | 1.98 | <0.001 | 2.44 | 2.15 | 2.77 | <0.001 | 1.03 | 0.95 | 1.11 | 0.49 |
Linitis plastica | ||||||||||||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.15 | 1.08 | 1.23 | <0.001 | ||||||
Yes | 2.44 | 1.44 | 4.12 | 0.001 | 2.37 | 1.63 | 3.44 | <0.001 | 1.22 | 0.64 | 2.33 | 0.54 |
Borrmann classification | ||||||||||||
Borrmann I | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.03 | 0.78 | 1.35 | 0.85 | ||||||
Borrmann II | 1.03 | 0.85 | 1.24 | 0.79 | 0.93 | 0.73 | 1.17 | 0.52 | 1.14 | 1.00 | 1.30 | 0.045 |
Borrmann III | 1.14 | 0.94 | 1.38 | 0.20 | 1.13 | 0.90 | 1.43 | 0.30 | 1.03 | 0.90 | 1.17 | 0.71 |
Borrmann IV | 2.16 | 1.70 | 2.75 | <0.001 | 2.11 | 1.63 | 2.73 | <0.001 | 1.05 | 0.84 | 1.31 | 0.67 |
Unknown | 2.44 | 1.99 | 3.01 | <0.001 | 3.09 | 2.44 | 3.93 | <0.001 | 0.81 | 0.69 | 0.94 | 0.007 |
Location | ||||||||||||
PGC | 1.00 | |||||||||||
DGC | 0.87 | 0.82 | 0.93 | <0.001 |