TABLE 3—

Bivariable Associations and Multivariable Models Predicting Perceived Need for Treatment and Service Use Among California Adults With Probable Mental Illness: California Well-Being Survey, 2014 and 2016

	Unadjusted		Adjusted
	% (95% CI)	Bivariable OR (95% CI)	% (95% CI)	Base Model OR (95% CI)	Adjusted for Stigma OR (95% CI)
Treatment use among all sampled (n = 1954)
Campaign exposure		1.34 (0.89, 2.02)		1.82 (1.17, 2.83)
Exposed	44.79 (36.87, 52.71)		47.09 (45.01, 54.18)
Unexposed	37.73 (32.59, 42.86)		36.39 (31.56, 41.22)
Age, y
18–29		0.91 (0.64, 1.29)		0.62 (0.41, 0.94)
≥ 30 (Ref)		1		1
Race/ethnicity, language preference
Latino, Spanish		0.27 (0.15, 0.52)		0.24 (0.11, 0.52)
Latino, English		0.76 (0.50, 1.14)		0.86 (0.54, 1.36)
Black, English		1.85 (0.93, 3.67)		1.87 (0.70, 4.95)
Asian, English		0.31 (0.11, 0.88)		0.42 (0.15, 1.17)
Other		0.49 (0.26, 0.93)		0.43 (0.24, 0.79)
White, English (Ref)		1		1
Gender
Female		2.11 (1.45, 3.06)		2.29 (1.52, 3.44)
Male (Ref)		1		1
Symptoms		1.15 (1.13, 1.17)		1.16 (1.11, 1.21)
Perceived need for treatment among all sampled (n = 1954)
Campaign exposure		1.26 (0.89, 1.78)		1.64 (1.09, 2.47)	1.67 (1.11, 2.50)
Exposed	55.53 (48.34, 62.71)		56.94 (51.41, 63.47)
Unexposed	49.74 (45.06, 54.43)		48.61 (44.27, 52.94)
Age, y
18–29		1.34 (0.91, 1.99)		1.05 (0.66, 1.68)	0.93 (0.59, 1.48)
≥ 30 (Ref)		1		1	1
Race/ethnicity, language preference
Latino, Spanish		0.34 (0.18, 0.62)		0.40 (0.20, 0.83)	0.62 (0.26, 1.51)
Latino, English		0.71 (0.47, 1.08)		0.80 (0.49, 1.31)	0.85 (0.52, 1.36)
Black, English		0.91 (0.40, 2.08)		0.95 (0.43, 2.07)	1.01 (0.45, 2.23)
Asian, English		0.31 (0.13, 0.77)		0.35 (0.14, 0.89)	0.44 (0.17, 1.17)
Other		0.59 (0.28, 1.24)		0.57 (0.22, 1.47)	0.63 (0.27, 1.48)
White, English (Ref)		1		1	1
Gender
Female		1.50 (1.03, 2.19)		1.66 (1.10, 2.49)	1.46 (0.90, 2.37)
Male (Ref)		1		1	1
Symptoms		1.24 (1.19, 1.30)		1.24 (1.19, 1.30)	1.24 (1.19, 1.30)
Treatment use among those perceiving need (n = 1011)
Campaign exposure		1.13 (0.62, 2.08)		1.52 (0.78, 2.96)	1.39 (0.73, 2.67)
Exposed	71.83 (61.63, 82.03)		74.48 (65.87, 83.14)
Unexposed	69.21 (61.78, 76.63)		67.47 (59.51, 75.43)
Age, y
18–29		0.64 (0.35, 1.16)		0.43 (0.24, 0.79)	0.43 (0.23, 0.81)
≥ 30 (Ref)		1		1	1
Race/ethnicity, language preference
Latino, Spanish		0.22 (0.08, 0.56)		0.15 (0.05, 0.42)	0.22 (0.05, 0.95)
Latino, English		0.97 (0.53, 1.77)		1.02 (0.54, 1.90)	1.35 (0.67, 2.72)
Black, English		1.11 (0.26, 4.75)		0.80 (0.15, 4.28)	0.79 (0.18, 3.49)
Asian, English		0.41 (0.10, 1.63)		0.48 (0.10, 2.27)	0.84 (0.15, 4.73)
Other		0.57 (0.20, 1.62)		0.67 (0.28, 1.59)	0.82 (0.32, 2.08)
White, English (Ref)		1		1	1
Gender
Female		2.41 (1.44, 4.04)		2.60 (1.48, 4.56)	2.47 (1.24, 4.92)
Male (Ref)		1		1	1
Symptoms		1.05 (0.99, 1.10)		1.05 (1.00, 1.12)	1.06 (1.00, 1.13)

Note. CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio. Estimates are weighted.