Table 2.
Final model developed in pooled data of 65–75 year old people from the four cohorts (n = 2560)
| Predictor | Betaa | Odds ratioa | 95%CIa | Likelihood ratio test p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intercept ActiFE-ULM | −9.273 | |||
| Intercept ELSA | −9.285 | |||
| Intercept InCHIANTI | −9.528 | |||
| Intercept LASA | −9.440 | |||
| Sociodemographic variables | ||||
| Age, years | 0.065 | 1.07 | (1.03–1.10) | < 0.001 |
| Lifestyle and clinical variables | ||||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 0.086 | 1.09 | (1.06–1.12) | < 0.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 0.470 | 1.60 | (1.24–2.01) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes | 0.396 | 1.49 | (1.06–2.09) | 0.018 |
| COPD | 0.704 | 2.02 | (1.37–2.98) | < 0.001 |
| Arthritis | 0.351 | 1.42 | (1.14–1.77) | 0.001 |
| Depressive symptomsb | 0.642 | 1.90 | (1.43–2.53) | < 0.001 |
| Physical performance variables | ||||
| Handgrip strength, kg | −0.015 | 0.99 | (0.98–1.00) | 0.002 |
| Z-score gait speedc | −0.286 | 0.75 | (0.67–0.84) | < 0.001 |
| Chair stands, s (linear) | 0.125 | 1.13 | (1.03–1.25) | < 0.001 |
| Chair stands, s (spline) d | −0.063 | 0.94 | (0.85–1.04) | < 0.001 |
BMI body mass index; CI confidence interval; COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
aOptimism-corrected coefficients, with shrinkage factor 0.946–0.951
bDefined by validated cutoff score for Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale [25] (in ELSA, InCHIANTI, LASA) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression subscale [26] (in ActiFE-ULM)
cSince different tests were applied in the cohorts to assess gait speed, Z-scores were calculated per cohort:
ZActiFE-ULM = (m/s–1.12)/0.27; ZELSA = (m/s–0.97)/0.26; ZInCHIANTI = (m/s–1.29)/0.20; ZLASA = (m/s–0.95)/0.24
dBeta for spline function can be applied by converting chair stands times using 10th, 50th, 90th percentiles of chair stands scores as knot locations: ((chairstand-7.73)3–1.73*(chairstand-10.60)3 + 0.73*(chairstand-14.53)3)/46.24. Values for the cubic terms were converted to zero if < 0