Table 2.
The 45 drug products that are FDA-approved for use in neurology and psychiatry that contain pharmacogenomic information in their drug labels, and the gene/biomarker of interest for each. A total of 36 drug labels include actionable or informative pharmacogenomic information in labeling sections Dosage and Administration, Warnings and Precautions, Adverse Reactions, Drug Interactions, Clinical Pharmacology, and Use in Specific Populations (33).
| Drug | Biomarker |
|---|---|
| Amitriptyline † | CYP2D6 |
| Aripiprazole Rx,Pop,C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Aripiprazole Lauroxil Rx,Pop,C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Atomoxetine Rx,!†,ADR,DDI,C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Brexpiprazole Rx,Pop,C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Brivaracetam C.Ph | CYP2C19 |
| Carbamazepine !,BW,†,! | HLA-A, HLA-B |
| Cariprazine C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Citalopram Rx,!,C.Ph | CYP2C19 |
| Citalopram C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Clobazam Rx,Pop,C.Ph | CYP2C19 |
| Clomipramine † | CYP2D6 |
| Clozapine Rx,Pop,C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Desipramine † | CYP2D6 |
| Desvenlafaxine C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Deutetrabenazine Rx,!†,Pop,C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Dextromethorphan and Quinidine !†,C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Diazepam C.Ph | CYP2C19 |
| Doxepin C.Ph., C.Ph | CYP2D6, CYP2C19 |
| Duloxetine DDI | CYP2D6 |
| Escitalopram DDI, ADR | CYP2D6, CYP2C19 |
| Eteplirsen I&U,ADR,Pop,Cli | DMD |
| Fluoxetine †,C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Fluvoxamine DDI | CYP2D6 |
| Galantamine C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Iloperidone Rx,!†,DDI,C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Imipramine † | CYP2D6 |
| Lacosamide C.Ph | CYP2C19 |
| Meclizine C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Modafinil C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Nefazodone † | CYP2D6 |
| Nortriptyline † | CYP2D6 |
| Oxcarbazepine!† | HLA-B |
| Paroxetine DDI | CYP2D6 |
| Perphenazine †,C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Phenytoin C.Ph., C.Ph.;! | CYP2C9, CYP2C19, HLA-B |
| Pimozide Rx,† | CYP2D6 |
| Protriptyline † | CYP2D6 |
| Risperidone DDI,C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Tetrabenazine Rx,!†,Pop,C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Thioridazine CI,!,† | CYP2D6 |
| Trimipramine † | CYP2D6 |
| Valbenazine Rx,!†,Pop,C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
| Valproic Acid BW,CI,!†, CI,!† | POLG, nonspecific |
| Venlafaxine † | CYP2D6 |
| Vortioxetine Rx,C.Ph | CYP2D6 |
ADR, Adverse Reactions; BW, Boxed Warning; C.Ph., Clinical Pharmacology; CI, Contraindications; Rx, Dosage and Administration; DDI, Drug Interactions; †, Precautions; Pop, Use in Specific Populations; !, Warnings; !†, Warnings and Precautions; I&U, Indications and Usage; Cli, Clinical Studies.