Figure 1.

Representative MID task trials. During each trial, participants first saw a cue indicating a potential gain or loss of different amounts (large, ±$5.00; small, ±$0.20) or a cue indicating “no money at stake” (anticipation phase). Next, participants saw a jittered fixation cross as they waited for a rapidly presented target to which they were instructed to respond with a button press. Finally, participants saw the outcome of their action and their success at responding while the target was on the screen.