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. 2019 Jun 20;12:153. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00153

FIGURE 6.

FIGURE 6

Effects of the P450c17 inhibitor, ketoconazole (Keto, 1, 3, and 10 nmol) or the astrocyte metabolic inhibitor, fluorocitrate (FC, 0.01, 0.03, and 0.1 nmol) on the early development of mechanical allodynia in IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra, 20 ng) treated CCI mice. (A–D) Paw withdrawal frequency (PWF, %) was measured in hind paws using a von-Frey filament (0.16 g). IL-1ra administration induced an early increase in the PWF of the ipsilateral hind paw and this was significantly suppressed by the co-administration of ketoconazole with IL-1ra (A). On the other hand, administration of ketoconazole in association with IL-1ra had no effect on the PWF in the contralateral hind paw (B). n = 8 mice/group. ∗P < 0.05 vs. IL-1ra-treated group. In addition, IL-1ra-induced an early increase in the PWF of the ipsilateral hind paw was significantly suppressed by the co-administration of fluorocitrate with IL-1ra (C). Conversely, administration of fluorocitrate in association with IL-1ra had no effect on the PWF of the contralateral hind paw (D). n = 6 mice/group. ∗P < 0.05 vs. IL-1ra-treated group.