Table 1.
Study characteristics and falls and fractures outcomes
| Author | Year | N | Mean age ± SD (years) | Female, n (%) | Population | Continent | Falls | Fractures | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalence/incidencea, n (%) | Study design | Prevalence/incidencea, n (%) | Study design | |||||||
| Bae | 2017 | 3901 | ≥65 | 2259 (57.9) | Community | Asia | 109 (2.5) | Cross‐sectional | NA | NA |
| Benjumea | 2018 | 534 | 74.4 ± 8.2 | 403 (75.5) | Outpatient | South America | 309 (60.4) | Cross‐sectional | NA | NA |
| Bischoff‐Ferrari | 2015 | 445 | 71.0 ± 4.61 | 246 (55.3) | Community | North America | 231 (51.9) | RCT | NA | NA |
| Buckinx | 2018 | 565 | 82.8 ± 9.0 | 413 (73.1) | Nursing home | Europe | 211 (37.3) | Prospective | NA | NA |
| Cawthon | 2015 | 5934 | 73.6 ± 6.0 | 0 | Community | North America | NA | NA | 207 (3.5) | Prospective |
| Chalhoub | 2015 | 6658 | 74.34 ± 5.0 | 1114 (16.7) | Community | North America | 1518 (22.8) | Retrospective | 1142 (17.2) | Prospective |
| Clynes | 2015 | 298 | 76.1 ± 2.57 | 142 (47.7) | Community | Europe | 190 (63.8) | Cross‐sectional | 70 (23.5) | Cross‐sectional |
| Dietzel | 2015 | 288 | 71.9 ± 7.5 | 142 (49.3) | Community | Europe | 47 (16.0) | Cross‐sectional | NA | NA |
| Gadelha | 2018 | 196 | 68.6 ± 6.45 | 196 (100) | Community | South America | 65 (33.2) | Cross‐sectional | NA | NA |
| Hars | 2016 | 913 | 65.0 ± 1.4 | 729 (79.9) | Community | Europe | NA | NA | 40 (4.4) | Prospective |
| Henwood | 2017 | 58 | 84.5 ± 8.2 | 41 (70.7) | Nursing home | Australia | 24 (41.4) | Prospective | NA | NA |
| Hida | 2013 | 2868 | 71.3 ± 10.4 | 2197 (76.6) | Hospital and outpatients | Asia | NA | NA | 357 (12.4) | Cross‐sectional |
| Hida | 2016 | 1824 | 70.4 ± 9.5 | 1824 (100) | Hospital and outpatients | Asia | NA | NA | 216 (11.8) | Retrospective |
| Hong | 2015 | 3077 | 78.0 ± 6.6 | 1492 (48.5) | Hospital and community | Asia | NA | NA | 757 (24.6) | Cross‐sectional |
| Huo | 2015 | 680 | 79.0 ± 7.1 | 455 (66.9) | Outpatient | Australia | NA | NA | 242 (35.6) | Cross‐sectional |
| Huo | 2016 | 680 | 79.0 ± 9.0 | 418 (61.5) | Outpatient | Australia | NA | NA | 293 (43.1) | Cross‐sectional |
| Iolascon | 2015 | 121 | 67.2 ± 8.47 | 121 (100) | Outpatient | Europe | NA | NA | 77 (63.6) | Retrospective |
| Landi | 2012 | 260 | 86.7 ± 5.4 | 177 (68.1) | Community | Europe | 37 (14.2) | Prospective | NA | NA |
| Lera | 2017 | 1006 | 67.6 ± 5.9 | 687 (68.3) | Community | South America | 332 (33.0) | Cross‐sectional | NA | NA |
| Locquet | 2018 | 288 | 74.7 ± 5.7 | 170 (59.0) | Community | Europe | NA | NA | 134 (46.5) | Cross‐sectional |
| Martinez | 2015 | 110 | 71.0 ± 8.2 | 46 (41.8) | Hospital | South America | 28 (25.5) | Cross‐sectional | NA | NA |
| Matsumoto | 2017 | 162 | 74.2 ± 7.1 | 103 (63.6) | Community | Asia | 50 (30.9) | Prospective | NA | NA |
| Menant | 2017 | 419 | 81.2 ± 4.5 | 207 (49.4) | Community | Australia | 194 (46.3) | Prospective | NA | NA |
| Meng | 2015 | 771 | 73.0 ± 5.7 | 359 (46.6) | Community | Asia | 173 (22.4) | Cross‐sectional | NA | NA |
| Schaap | 2018 | 496 | 75.2 ± 6.4 | 250 (50.4) | Community | Europe | 130 (26.6) | Prospective | 60 (12.1) | Prospective |
| Scott | 2017 | 861 | 76.6 ± 5.5 | 0 | Community | Australia | 371 (30.0) | Prospective | 152 (17.7) | Prospective |
| Sjöblom | 2013 | 590 | 67.9 ± 1.9 | 590 (100) | Community | Europe | 119 (21.7) | Cross‐sectional | 85 (14.9) | Cross‐sectional |
| Steihaug | 2018 | 201b | 79.4 ± 8.2 | 151 (75.1) | Hospital | Europe | NA | NA |
14 (7.0) 15 (7.9) |
Cross‐sectional Prospective |
| Tanimoto | 2014 | 1110 | 73.4 ± 6.0 | 738 (66.5) | Community | Asia | 220 (19.8) | Cross‐sectional | NA | NA |
| Trajanoska | 2018 | 5911 | 69.2 ± 9.1 | 3361 (56.8) | Community | Europe | 1097 (18.6) | Cross‐sectional | 939 (15.9) | Cross‐sectional |
| Van Puyenbroeck | 2012 | 276 | 83.4 | 193 (69.9) | Nursing home | Europe | 69 (25.0) | Prospective | NA | NA |
| Woo | 2014 | 2848 | 73.17 (SE 0.14) | 1675 (58.8) | Community | Asia | 120 (4.2) | Cross‐sectional | NA | NA |
| Yamada | 2013 | 1882 | 74.9 ± 5.5 | 1314 (69.8) | Community | Asia | 470 (25.0) | Cross‐sectional | NA | NA |
| Yoo | 2016 | 1970 | 66.3 ± 9.1 | 1221 (62) | Hospital and community | Asia | NA | NA | 359 (18.2) | Case–control |
| Yoshimura | 2018 | 637 | 74 ± 13 | 366 (57.5) | Hospital | Asia | NA | NA | 131 (20.6) | Cross‐sectional |
| Yu | 2014 | 4000 | 72.5 ± 5.2 | 2000 (50) | Community | Asia | NA | NA | 565 (14.1) | Prospective |
N, sample size; NA, not applicable; RCT, randomised controlled trial; SD, standard deviation.
a
Prevalence is reported for cross‐sectional study design; incidence is reported for prospective study design.
b
n = 191 for complete follow‐up.